干旱气象 ›› 2022, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (3): 516-523.DOI: 10.11755/j.issn.1006-7639(2022)-03-0516

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

2018年广东空中水物质评估及开发分析

高建秋1,2(), 郑彬3, 游积平1, 何松蔚1, 余小嘉1, 杨博成4   

  1. 1.广东省突发事件预警信息发布中心/广东省人工影响天气中心,广东 广州 510640
    2.中国气象局云雾物理环境重点开放实验室,北京 100081
    3.中国气象局广州热带海洋气象研究所,广东 广州 510640
    4.广东海洋大学海洋与气象学院,广东 湛江 524088
  • 收稿日期:2021-09-27 修回日期:2021-11-19 出版日期:2022-06-30 发布日期:2022-06-28
  • 作者简介:高建秋(1981—),女,河北人,高级工程师,主要从事云降水物理和人工影响天气业务与研究工作.E-mail: 549448819@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    中国气象局云雾物理环境重点开放实验室开放课题(批准号:2017Z016(2017Z016);国家自然科学基金委员会资助面上项目(41975138);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2021A1515011399)

Assessment and development analysis of air water substances in Guangdong in 2018

GAO Jianqiu1,2(), ZHENG Bin3, YOU Jiping1, HE Songwei1, YU Xiaojia1, YANG Bocheng4   

  1. 1. Guangdong Provincial Emergency Early Warning Information Release Center/Guangdong Weather Modification Center, Guangzhou 510640, China
    2. Key Laboratory for Cloud Physics of China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081,China
    3. Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology of China Meteorological Administration, Guangzhou 510640, China
    4. College of Ocean and Meteorology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088,Guangdong,China
  • Received:2021-09-27 Revised:2021-11-19 Online:2022-06-30 Published:2022-06-28

摘要:

利用2018年1月1日至12月31日逐小时欧洲中期天气预报中心(European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts,ECMWF)第五代全球大气再分析产品——ERA5和中国气象局多源降水分析系统(CMA multi-source precipitation analysis system,CMPAS)中逐小时降水产品(CMPAS-hourly),采用基于大气水物质收支平衡方程的水物质评估方法对广东2018年空中云水资源及空中水汽、水凝物时空分布进行评估。对广东省整体而言,2018年水汽降水效率为5.1%,水凝物降水效率为89.6%,水汽和水凝物都为净输出。从空间分布来看,水汽总量自西南向东北逐渐减少,水凝物总量高值区在粤西云雾山、天露山及粤东莲花山的南坡,云水资源总量从北部山区向沿海地区逐渐减小,水凝物降水效率从沿海地区向北部山区逐渐减小。从时间变化来看,水汽总量在夏季最大,水凝物总量在8月下半月和9月上半月最大,云水资源总量非汛期高于汛期;水汽和云水资源的变化月内尺度大于天气尺度,水凝物的变化天气尺度大于月内尺度。

关键词: 水汽, 水凝物, 云水资源, 降水效率, 人工增雨

Abstract:

Based on the hourly European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) fifth-generation global atmospheric reanalysis (ERA5) and the hourly precipitation product from the CMA multi-source Precipitation Analysis System(CMPAS-hourly) from January 1 to December 31, 2018, the temporal and spatial distributions of water vapor,hydrometeors and cloud water resources in Guangdong in 2018 were evaluated by using the proposed evaluation method of air water substances based on the atmospheric water material balance equation. In 2018, the water vapor precipitation efficiency in Guangdong was 5.1%, and the hydrometeors precipitation efficiency was 89.6%; both water vapor and hydrometeors were net output by taking Guangdong Province as a whole. For the spatial variation, the total water vapor gradually decreased from southwest to northeast, the high value area of total amount of hydrometeors located on the south slope of the Yunwu Mountain, the Tianlu Mountain in western Guangdong and the Lianhua Mountain in eastern Guangdong and the total amount of cloud water resources gradually decreased from northern mountainous areas to coastal areas, and the precipitation efficiency of hydrometeors gradually decreased from coastal areas to northern mountainous areas. For the temporal variation, the total amount of water vapor was largest in summer, the total amount of hydrometeor was largest in the second half of August and the first half of September, and the total amount of cloud water resources in non-flood season were higher than those in flood season. The variations of water vapor and cloud water resources in monthly scale were larger than those in weather scale, and the variation of hydrometeors in weather scale was larger than that in monthly scale.

Key words: water vapor, hydrometeor, cloud water resources, precipitation efficiency, precipitation enhancement

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