我国西北半干旱区气溶胶类型的地基激光雷达判别

doi:10.11755/j.issn.1006-7639(2023)-04-0570

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

气溶胶类型的准确识别是进一步研究其气候与环境效应的重要前提。基于兰州大学半干旱气候与环境观测站2009年10月至2012年11月地基双波长偏振激光雷达观测资料，分别在清洁天、人为污染物、沙尘事件和强沙尘暴事件4种典型情形下挑选若干个例，对其气溶胶消光系数、体积线性退偏比、气溶胶退偏比等进行统计分析，明确不同气溶胶类型的判定阈值。结果表明：清洁天该区域气溶胶消光系数小于0.085 km^-1。在消光系数大于该阈值的污染情形下，人为污染物的体积线性退偏比小于0.07，相应的气溶胶退偏比小于0.09；污染沙尘的体积线性退偏比介于0.07和0.22之间，气溶胶退偏比为0.09~0.31；纯沙尘的体积线性退偏比大于0.22，气溶胶退偏比大于0.31。当出现强沙尘暴时，体积线性退偏比大于0.35，气溶胶退偏比大于0.49。

关键词: 地基偏振激光雷达, 气溶胶类型, 半干旱区

Abstract:

The accurate identification of aerosol types is an important prerequisite for further research on its climatic and environmental effects. In this study, based on the observation data of ground-based dual-wavelength polarization lidar from the Semi-arid Climate and Environment Observation Station of Lanzhou University from October 2009 to November 2012, several cases were selected under four typical scenarios: clean day, anthropogenic pollutants, dust events and strong sandstorm events. The aerosol extinction coefficient, volume linear depolarization ratio and aerosol depolarization ratio were analyzed statistically, and the determination thresholds of different aerosol types were defined. The results show that the extinction coefficient of aerosol in this region is less than 0.085 km^-1 on clean day. When the extinction coefficient is greater than 0.085 km^-1, the volume linear depolarization ratio of anthropogenic pollutants is less than 0.07, and the corresponding aerosol depolarization ratio is less than 0.09. The volume linear depolarization ratio of polluted dust is between 0.07 and 0.22, and the aerosol depolarization ratio is between 0.09 and 0.31. The volume linear depolarization ratio of pure dust is greater than 0.22, and the aerosol depolarization ratio is greater than 0.31. In particular, when severe sandstorms occur, the volume linear depolarization ratio is greater than 0.35, and the aerosol depolarization ratio is greater than 0.49.

Key words: ground-based polarization lidar, aerosol type, semi-arid region

中图分类号:

P425.5+5

廖家艳, 周天, 韩璧森, 黄忠伟, 闭建荣. 我国西北半干旱区气溶胶类型的地基激光雷达判别[J]. 干旱气象, 2023, 41(4): 570-578.

LIAO Jiayan, ZHOU Tian, HAN Biseng, HUANG Zhongwei, BI Jianrong. Aerosol types discrimination in semi-arid region of Northwest China using ground-based lidar data[J]. Journal of Arid Meteorology, 2023, 41(4): 570-578.

图/表 9

表1 主导气溶胶情景挑选依据

Tab.1 Dominant aerosol type selection criteria

典型情形	是否穿透气溶胶层	体积线性退偏比	消光系数
清洁大气	是	小	小
人为污染	是	小	大
沙尘	是	大	大
强沙尘暴	否	大	大

图1 阈值选择示意图

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of threshold selection

图2 强沙尘暴事件的体积线性退偏比和消光系数的频数分布及概率密度分布

Fig.2 Frequency distribution and probability density distribution of volume linear depolarization ratio and extinction coefficient of severe sandstorm events

图3 清洁大气、人为污染和沙尘情形下体积线性退偏比和消光系数的频数分布及概率密度分布

Fig.3 Frequency distribution and probability density distribution of volume linear depolarization ratio and extinction coefficient under the conditions of clean sky， air pollution and dust weathers

图4 2009年12月9日后向散射比（a）、气溶胶退偏比（b）、体积线性退偏比（c）的时间-高度剖面及23：00 UTC各变量廓线（d）

Fig.4 Time-height cross sections of backscatter ratio （a）， aerosol depolarization ratio （b） and volume linear depolarization ratio （c） and the profiles of each variable at 23：00 UTC （d） on 9 December 2009

图5 2009年10月1日至2012年11月30日气溶胶退偏比和后向散射比的频数分布

Fig.5 Frequency distribution of aerosol depolarization ratio and backscatter ratio from 1 October 2009 to 30 November 2012

图6 2009年12月9日气溶胶退偏比控制后的后向散射比（a）、气溶胶退偏比（c）的时间-高度剖面及23：00 UTC后向散射比（b）与气溶胶退偏比（d）廓线

Fig.6 Time-height cross sections of backscatter ratio （a） and aerosol depolarization ratio （c） after data control of aerosol depolarization ratio and profiles of backscatter ratio （b） and aerosol depolarization ratio （d） at 23：00 UTC on 9 December 2009

图7 4种典型情形下的体积线性退偏比和气溶胶退偏比频数分布及线性回归

Fig.7 Frequency distribution and linear regression of volume linear depolarization ratio and aerosol depolarization ratio under four typical conditions

表2 气溶胶类别判定阈值

Tab.2 Discrimination threshold of aerosol types

典型情形	消光系数/km^-1	体积线性退偏比	气溶胶退偏比
清洁大气	<0.085	<0.07	<0.09
人为污染	>0.085	<0.07	<0.09
污染沙尘	>0.085	>0.07且<0.22	>0.09且<0.31
沙尘	>0.085	>0.22	>0.31
强沙尘暴	>0.085	>0.35	>0.49

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