Journal of Arid Meteorology ›› 2022, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (2): 234-243.DOI: 10.11755/j.issn.1006-7639(2022)-02-0234

• Articles • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Characteristics of Doppler radar products of strong hails under different weather classification in Hedong region of Gansu Province

LEI Yu1(), HUANG Wubin2,3(), LI Qian3, HUANG Yuxia3, ZHANG Junxia3, LIU Na3   

  1. 1. Lanzhou Meteorological Bureau of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730020, China
    2. Institute of Arid Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Lanzhou 730020, China
    3. Lanzhou Center Meteorological Observatory, Lanzhou 730020, China
  • Received:2021-04-03 Revised:2021-10-15 Online:2022-04-30 Published:2022-05-10
  • Contact: HUANG Wubin

不同天气分型下甘肃河东地区强冰雹天气多普勒雷达产品特征

雷瑜1(), 黄武斌2,3(), 黎倩3, 黄玉霞3, 张君霞3, 刘娜3   

  1. 1.甘肃省兰州市气象局,甘肃 兰州 730020
    2.中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所, 甘肃 兰州 730020
    3.兰州中心气象台,甘肃 兰州 730020
  • 通讯作者: 黄武斌
  • 作者简介:雷瑜(1990— ),女,甘肃陇南人,工程师,主要从事强天气和空气污染研究工作. E-mail: ylei08@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省青年科技基金计划项目(21JR7RA703);甘肃省科技计划项目(20YF3FA012);甘肃省气象局人才专项(2122rczx-青年优秀科技人才-05);甘肃省自然科学基金(20JR5RA113);甘肃省气象局创新团队项目(GSQXCXTD-2020-01)

Abstract:

Based on daily observation data and disaster data from automatic weather stations in Hedong region of Gansu Province from 2008 to 2017, the 75 hail cases were selected with some standards and divided into three types according to main weather influencing system of hail and mesoscale diagnostic method, including the northwestern airstream, the low trough and the low vortex types. Then statistical characteristics of radar products and radar echo feature under the three weather types of hail were compared, and the typical hail cases were chosen to verify the results. The results show that the maximum reflectivity (Zmax) and the height of maximum reflectivity ( H Z m a x) had relatively little differences under the three weather types of hail, Zmax was above 50 dBZ and H Z m a x was above 2.0 km. There were significant differences in echo top height (ET), core area thickness (H), center height of echo reflectivity above 45 dBZ (H45 dBZ), the maximum height of storm body echo reflectivity equal to or more than 30 dBZ (TOP), vertically integrated liquid water content (VIL), and the density of vertically integrated liquid water content (VILD). The H, H45 dBZ, TOP and VIL of the northwestern airstream type were significantly higher than those of other types, and ET of the low trough type and VILD of the low vortex type were lower. The frequencies of overhang echo for the three types of hail weather were all higher than 61.0%. The frequencies of three body scattering and side-lobe echo for the the low trough type were 35.5% and 48.4%, respectively, and the probability of bounded weak echo was 12.9%. The frequencies of bounded weak echo area for both of the northwestern airstream type and the low vortex type were higher than 38.5%. The indicators of three body scattering and side-lobe echo could predict the hail weather 18 to 30 minutes in advance, which had some significance in hail weather forecast.

Key words: hail, weather classification, radar products, three body scattering, side-lobe echo, characteristics

摘要:

利用2008—2017年甘肃省河东地区自动气象观测站冰雹观测资料和灾情资料,对收集到的符合标准的河东地区75个冰雹个例进行中尺度诊断,按照主要影响系统分为3种冰雹天气类型,对3种冰雹天气型雷达产品的统计特征和雷达回波特征进行对比分析,并选取典型个例进一步分析验证。结果表明,在3种冰雹天气型下,多普勒雷达产品的最大反射率因子(Zmax)及其所在高度( H Z m a x)区别较小,Zmax均大于50 dBZ,对应 H Z m a x也在2.0 km以上;回波顶高(ET)、核心区厚度(H)、45 dBZ以上质心高度(H45 dBZ)、风暴体大于等于30 dBZ所在最大高度(TOP)、垂直累积液态水含量(VIL)及垂直累积液态水含量密度(VILD)存在明显差异,西北气流型的HH45 dBZ、TOP和VIL较高,低槽型的ET和低涡型的VILD较低;3种冰雹天气型出现回波悬垂的频率均在61.0%以上,低槽型出现三体散射和旁瓣回波的频率分别为35.5%、48.4%,而出现有界弱回波区的频率为12.9%,西北气流型和低涡型出现有界弱回波区的频率均达38.5%;三体散射和旁瓣回波特征具有一定的预报时间提前量,提前量平均18 min,最大30 min。

关键词: 冰雹, 天气分型, 雷达产品, 三体散射, 旁瓣回波, 特征

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