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山东夏季强降水的时空演变特征及成因

高理1胡桂芳1孙莎莎2   

  1. 1. 山东省气候中心,山东 济南 250031;
    2. 山东省气象台,山东 济南 250031
  • 出版日期:2013-12-14 发布日期:2013-12-14
  • 作者简介:高理(1980 - ),女,山东泰安人,硕士研究生,工程师,主要从事短期气候分析预测业务及研究工作. E - mail:gaoli201213@163. com
  • 基金资助:

    中国气象局小型基建项目“极端天气气候事件监测预测业务平台建设”资助

Temporal - spatial Evolution Feature of Summer Heavy Rainfall in Shandong Province and Causes Analysis

GAO Li1HU Guifang1SUN Shasha2   

  1. 1.Shandong Climate Center,Ji’nan 250031,China;
    2.Shandong Provincial Meteorological Observatory,Ji’nan 250031,China
  • Online:2013-12-14 Published:2013-12-14

摘要:

应用 1961 ~2012 年山东省 26 站夏季降水和西太平洋副热带高压特征量指数等资料,分析了山东夏季强降水的时空演变特征。结果表明:山东夏季强降水日数总体呈减少趋势,部分地区呈增多趋势,暴雨日在 1989 年前后发生突变;强降水日数比重呈增大趋势,半岛北部增大趋势明显,近 20 a比重明显高于前期,且波动幅度加大,同样在 1989 年前后发生突变;大雨日降水强度增加,暴雨日降水强度减小,两者均在 1990 年代降水强度最大,半岛、东南沿海地区为强降水雨强高值区。对其成因初步分析发现,强降水时间变化与西太平洋副高南北位置关系密切,台风带来的强降水是影响东南沿海地区降水强度的关键因子。

关键词: 山东夏季, 强降水, 时空演变, 成因

Abstract:

Based on the summer precipitation data at 26 meteorological stations of Shandong Province during 1961 - 2012,and com-
bined the characteristic indexes of the Western Pacific subtropical high,the statistical methods were used to analyze the characteristic of
summer heavy rainfall in Shandong Province. The result indicated that the total heavy rainfall days in the mass reduced and had a cli-
mate jumping around 1989. The contribution percentage of heavy rainfall days presented increasing trend and was especially obvious in
the north part of Shandong peninsula,it achieved a high level and fluctuated acutely in recent twenty years,and also had a climate
jumping before and after 1989. The intensity of heavy rainfall became stronger,while rainstorm intensity became weaker,and both of
them achieved the highest level in the 1990s. The maximum value of rainfall intensity was found in Shandong peninsula and southeast
coast of Shandong Province. The changes of heavy rainfall could be related to the variation of the Western Pacific subtropical high,
when the subtropical high ridge in summer moved north,more heavy rainfall days appeared,when it moved south,there were less
heavy rainfall days. In addition,the heavy rainfall caused by typhoons was also a key factor influencing rainfall intensity in the southeast
coast of Shandong Province.

Key words: Shandong, summer, heavy rainfall, temporal - spatial distribution, causes

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