干旱气象 ›› 2024, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (2): 187-196.DOI: 10.11755/j.issn.1006-7639(2024)-02-0187

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

江西省区域性高温和干旱过程分析与评估

刘文英1,2(), 孙素琴3(), 朱星球3, 欧阳欣欣4   

  1. 1.江西省气象科学研究所,江西 南昌 330096
    2.江西省农业气象中心,江西 南昌 330096
    3.江西省气象台,江西 南昌 330096
    4.抚河水文水资源监测中心,江西 抚州 344000
  • 收稿日期:2023-12-14 修回日期:2024-03-01 出版日期:2024-04-30 发布日期:2024-05-12
  • 通讯作者: 孙素琴(1983—),女,高级工程师,主要从事灾害性天气研究和评估。E-mail: sunsuqin2007@163.com
  • 作者简介:刘文英(1975—),男,高级工程师,主要从事应用气象服务与研究。E-mail: 303843178@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    江西省气象局灾害风险普查项目(JX2022ZHFXPC02);江西省气象局灾害风险普查项目(JX2022ZHFXPC05);中国气象局气象能力提升联合研究专项(23NLTSZ004);江西省气象局项目(JX2020Z09);江西省气象局项目(JX2023Z04);江西省气象局项目(JX2023M11)

Analysis and assessment of regional high temperature and drought processes in Jiangxi Province

LIU Wenying1,2(), SUN Suqin3(), ZHU Xingqiu3, OUYANG Xinxin4   

  1. 1. Institute of Meteorological Sciences of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330096, China
    2. Agro-Meteorological Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330096, China
    3. Meteorological Observatory of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330096, China
    4. Fu River Hydrological and Water Resources Monitoring Center,Fuzhou 344000,Jiangxi, China
  • Received:2023-12-14 Revised:2024-03-01 Online:2024-04-30 Published:2024-05-12

摘要:

为深入探讨江西省高温和干旱特征,利用1959—2022年江西省81个国家气象观测站降水和气温资料,构建基于影响范围、持续时间和强度等要素的区域性高温、干旱过程综合评估指标,然后利用该指标对江西近64 a区域性高温和干旱过程,尤其是2022年高温干旱事件开展异常特征分析和评价,并据高温和干旱重合天数,定义高温干旱复合年。结果表明:近64 a内出现277(90)次区域性高温(干旱)过程,有37 a高温和干旱同时出现,其中22 a高温和干旱重合天数超10 d;2000年后高温和干旱年及高温干旱复合年增加尤为明显。2022年江西夏秋季日均气温和日最高气温均值均破1959年以来气象记录,出现5次区域性高温过程,共持续71 d,其中7月20日至8月30日高温过程综合强度达特重等级,为历史第一;6月下旬至11月中旬江西无雨日均值达124.1 d;持续高温少雨导致江西出现1959年以来第二强的气象干旱过程,仅次于2019年。

关键词: 异常特征, 高温干旱, 综合评估, 江西省

Abstract:

In order to make an in-depth study of the characteristics of high temperature and drought in Jiangxi Province, the assessment model for regional high temperature and drought processes was constructed based on daily precipitation and temperature data from 81 national meteorological stations in Jiangxi Province from 1959 to 2022, which included indicators such as influence range, process duration and intensity. And regional high temperature and drought processes in Jiangxi Province in the past 64 years, especially the abnormal characteristics of regional high temperature and drought processes in 2022 were comprehensively analyzed and evaluated. According to the coincidence days of hot and drought, the compound year of hot and drought was defined. The results show that 277 (90) regional high temperature (drought) processes occurred in the past 64 years, and in 37 years the hot and drought processes appeared in the same year, and in 22 years high temperature and drought overlapped for more than 10 days. The increase of compound hot and drought years is particularly significant after 2000. The average daily temperature and the average of daily maximum temperature in Jiangxi Province in summer and autumn of 2022 were the highest at the same period since 1959. There were 5 regional high temperature processes in the summer and autumn of 2022,which lasted for 71 days. The comprehensive strength of the high temperature process from July 20 to August 30 of 2022 reached extra heavy grade, which ranked the first in history. The average rainless days in Jiangxi from late June to mid-November in 2022 reached 124.1 days. Persistent high temperature and little rainfall in summer and fall in 2022 led to continuous severe drought in Jiangxi Province, and the intensity of meteorological drought was the second severe drought process since 1959.

Key words: abnormal climate characteristics, high temperature and drought, comprehensive assessment, Jiangxi Province

中图分类号: