关键词: 城市化进程, 极端气温, 相对湿度, 风速, 人体舒适度气象指数, 浙江沿海

Abstract: Based on the daily data of maximum and minimum temperatures, relative humidity and wind speed at Yinzhou station (urban area) and Shipu station (island) of Ningbo in coastal areas of Zhejiang Province during 1956-2018, combined with the urbanization process parameters of Ningbo during 1978-2017, the body comfort meteorology index (BCMI) and related meteorological factors during the urbanization process were studied. The results are as follows: (1) The annual mean maximum and minimum temperatures of urban areas and islands in Ningbo coast both exhibited increasing trend, and the contribution rates of urbanization to the increase of maximum and minimum temperatures in urban areas were 32.3% and 48.8%, respectively. (2) Urbanization  resulted in decreasing trend of annual mean relative humidity in urban areas, while relative humidity of island stations didn’t change obviously. (3) The annual mean wind speed of the urban areas and islands had a decrease trend, while the abrupt changing year  appeared earlier in the urban areas. The natural climate change mostly resulted in decrease of wind speed in urban areas. (4) Temperature had the greatest impact on BCMI. The BCMI under extreme temperatures in summer and winter in urban areas exhibited an increasing trend. It was going hot and uncomfortable in summer while moving toward comfort in winter. (5) The urbanization process parameter (K) of Ningbo was significantly and positively correlated with BCMI in the urban areas. The contribution rates of urbanization to increase of maximum temperature in summer and minimum temperature in winter were 57.8% and 46.1%, respectively.

Key words: urbanization process, extreme temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, human body comfort meteorology index, Zhejiang coast