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台风“海燕”过境海南岛数值模拟及暴雨成因诊断

徐红1程攀2王瑞丽3   

  1. 1.沈阳区域气候中心,辽宁沈阳110166;2.中国人民解放军94675部队气象站,浙江杭州310053; 3.武汉市气象台,湖北武汉430040
  • 出版日期:2016-06-30 发布日期:2016-06-30
  • 作者简介:徐红(1986-),女,山东济宁人,硕士,工程师,研究方向为气候资源开发与利用. E-mail:lnqxny@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    “国家科技支撑计划课题(2013BAK05B03)”资助


Simulation and Diagnostic Analysis of a Rainstorm Process Influenced by Typhoon Haiyan (2013) on Hainan Island

XU Hong 1, CHENG Pan 2, WANG Ruili3   

  1.  1. Regional Climate Center of Shenyang, Shenyang 110166,China;
     2. Meteorological Station, No 94675 Army of PLA, Hangzhou 310053,China;
     3.Wuhan Meteorological Observatory, Wuhan 430040, China
  • Online:2016-06-30 Published:2016-06-30

摘要:

利用NCEP/NCAR 1°×1°再分析资料、地面观测降水资料、FY-2E卫星相当黑体温度资料,采用WRF中尺度数值模式对2013年11月9—11日台风“海燕”过程进行数值模拟,并对期间海南暴雨天气诊断分析。结果表明:台风“海燕”携带的大量水汽,为海南暴雨提供了丰富的水汽来源;TBB梯度高值区与暴雨强度及落区有很好的对应关系。地形在暴雨过程中起到重要作用,初期台风外围偏东气流遇海南中部高山产生地形重力波,促使局地辐合上升,产生降水;随着台风靠近,风向转为偏南且风速增大,地形作用促使气流强烈抬升,在低层产生强对流中尺度系统,并与高层辐散系统配合,产生强降水。

关键词: 台风&ldquo, 海燕&rdquo, 数值模拟, 诊断分析, 地形

Abstract:

A rainstorm process occurring in Hainan Island from 9 to 11 November 2013 was studied by using the 1°×1° NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data, observed surface precipitation data and black-body temperature (TBB) data from FY-2E satellite. The typhoon Haiyan (2013) was simulated by WRF (Weather Research Forecasting) mesoscale numerical model and diagnostic analysis of the rainstorm process in Hainan Island was made by using WRF model outputs. Results show that the typhoon carried a lot of water vapor for rainstorm when it was passing Hainan Island. TBB gradient high values had a good correspondence with the storm intensity and falling area. The topography of Hainan Island played an important role in this rainstorm process. The easterly wind fluctuated when it encountered the central mountains, which caused mesoscale gravity wave and promoted the local convergence rising when the rainstorm started. When the typhoon was near Hainan Island, the wind direction shifted to south and the wind speed increased, the air lifted owing to the effect of Hainan topography and the meso-scale convective system generated in the lower layer which cooperated with the upper level divergence system resulted in this strong precipitation.
 

Key words: the typhoon Haiyan(2013), numerical simulation, diagnostic analysis, topography

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