Abstract:

 Based on winter wheat observations and soil temperature data in Zhengzhou region in recent 30 years，the variation of soil temperature，and the relationships between seasonal and annual mean soil temperature and growth stages，growth amount and yield of winter wheat were analyzed in this paper． The results are as follows; ( 1) In Zhengzhou，the seasonal and annual mean of 0 － 20 cm soil temperature presented increasing trend during 1980 － 2010 with obvious warming in spring and maximum amplitude in winter; ( 2)There were negative correlations between annual mean ( winter) soil temperature and each growth stage of winter wheat，and betweenspring soil temperature and each growth stages after winter wheat turning green，and between winter and spring soil temperature and durationof growth period of winter wheat; ( 3) Winter and spring soil temperature was positively correlated with the density of winter wheat from the three － leaf stage to the stem extention stage，and also positively correlated with the theoretical yield of winter wheat and the ratio of grain and stem．

Key words: Zhengzhou, soil temperature, winter wheat, growth stages, yield

摘要：

利用郑州地区近30 a 的冬小麦观测资料和地温观测资料，分析了近30 a 来地温的变化特征，研究了四季和年平均地温变化与冬小麦发育期的关系，以及四季和年平均地温与冬小麦生长量、产量构成要素和地段实产的关系。结果表明: ( 1) 郑州地区近30 a 四季和年平均0 ～ 20 cm 地温均呈持续升高趋势，其中春季增温最明显，冬季变幅最大; ( 2) 冬季和年平均地温与冬小麦各发育期均为负相关，春季地温与冬小麦返青后各发育期也均为负相关，冬春季地温与全生育期持续时间均为显著的负相关; ( 3) 冬春季地温与三叶期—拔节期冬小麦密度呈正相关，与理论产量呈显著正相关关系，与籽粒茎秆比亦呈正相关趋势。

关键词: 中原地区, 土壤温度, 冬小麦, 生长发育, 产量