Abstract:

Based on the temperature, precipitation and other observation data at 4 meteorological stations in central districts of Chongqing from 1980 to 2019 and typical time period satellite data, the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of urban heat island effect in Chongqing and the effects of different weather conditions on heat island were analyzed. The results show the urban heat island effect in Chongqing has had an obvious upward trend since the mid-1990s, reaching its strongest in the 2010s. But there has been a slowing down sign in recent years. The diurnal variation of the heat island was weak in the daytime and strong at night. The monthly variation of it was the strongest in August and the weakest in June. The seasonal variation of it was the strongest in mid-summer, followed by early spring, the weakest from mid-spring to early summer. Satellite remote sensing showed the urban heat island appeared a distribution with northeast to southwest. The strong heat island mainly located in dense population areas, such as traditional old city areas, business districts, stations, squares, industrial parks and new urban districts, etc. In the 2010s, the urban heat island in Chongqing is affected by the negative driving factors such as rainy days and cloudy days, and the positive driving factors such as partly cloudy days and sunny days. The average heat island intensity on rainy, cloudy, partly cloudy and sunny days were 0.19, 0.52, 0.69 and 0.76 ℃， respectively.

Key words: urban heat island, variation trend, distribution characteristics, weather conditions

摘要：

利用1980—2019年重庆市中心城区4个气象站点的气温、降水等观测资料以及典型时段卫星资料，分析重庆市热岛效应的时空变化特征以及不同天气状况对热岛的影响。结果表明：20世纪90年代中期以来，重庆城市热岛效应增强趋势明显，21世纪10年代达最强，近年有减缓迹象。热岛的日、月及季节变化特征分布为：白天弱，夜间强;8月最强，6月最弱;盛夏最强，初春次之，仲春至初夏最弱。卫星遥感显示城市热岛呈东北、西南走向分布，强热岛主要位于人口密集的老城区、商业区、广场、车站、工业园以及城市新区等区域。21世纪10年代，城市热岛效应受雨天、阴天等负向驱动因素的影响以及多云天、晴天等正向驱动因素的影响，重庆市中心城区雨天、阴天、多云天、晴天时的平均热岛强度分别为0.19、0.52、0.69、0.76 ℃。

关键词: 城市热岛, 变化趋势, 分布特征, 天气状况