干旱气象

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

石家庄春季大风变化特征及天气分型

阎访1,2周顺武1马悦1   

  1. 1. 南京信息工程大学大气科学学院,江苏 南京 210044;
    2. 河北省石家庄市气象局,河北 石家庄 050081
  • 出版日期:2014-04-18 发布日期:2014-04-18
  • 作者简介:阎访(1974 - ),女,河北人,在读研究生,高级工程师,主要从事天气预报服务工作. E - mail:sjysy@ sina. com
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(41275095)、国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2012CB955204)、青岛市科技局项目(11 - 2 - 3 - 57 -nsh)、河北省气象局科研开发项目(12ky25)及石家庄科学技术研究与发展计划项目(12155443A)共同资助

Variation Characteristics of Gale in Spring and Its Weather Patterns in Shijiazhuang

YAN Fang1,2ZHOU Shunwu1MA Yue1   

  1. 1. Institute of Atmospheric Science,Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;
    2. Shijiazhuang Meteorological Bureau of Hebei Province,Shijiazhuang 050081,China
  • Online:2014-04-18 Published:2014-04-18

摘要:

利用石家庄地区 17 个地面气象站近 39 a(1972 ~2010 年)的常规观测大风资料,在分析石家庄地区春季(3 ~5 月)年平均大风日数空间分布特征的基础上,依据春季大风划分的局地、区域及大范围 3 个等级,分别对其进行大风日数的月际、年际和年代际变化及周期、突变特征分析,最后根据天气形势对春季大范围大风的天气类型进行归纳总结。结果表明:1)石家庄地区春季年平均大风日数空间上呈“几”字形分布;2)春季 3 个等级大风均以 4 月份、1970 年代居多,且逐年呈显著线性减少趋势,而全区性的大范围大风发生频次少;3)3 个等级大风日数均明显的存在 5 ~6 a 和 14 a 的周期振荡,且在 20 世纪 80 年代发生了突变性减少;4)春季大范围大风为横槽型、冷空气偏东型、冷空气偏西型、冷空气偏北型 4 种天气类型,且以横槽型和冷空气偏东型为主。

关键词: 石家庄, 春季, 大风, 时空分布, 天气类型

Abstract:

Based on the data of conventional wind days at 17 meteorological stations in Shijiazhuang from 1972 to 2010,the spatial dis-
tribution of gale days in spring(from March to May) were investigated. The gales in spring were first classified into three grades,inclu-
ding local gale,regional gale and wide range gale,according to the extent of gale occurrence region. Next,the further investigation on
the characteristics of variation in days of the three grade gales was carried out by using common statistical diagnosis methods. The re-
sults show that the annual mean days of gale in spring over Shijiazhuang spatially distributed in a“几”- shape with the whole - region
wide range gale days occurring at low frequency. Moreover,the days of three grade gales in spring reached their peaks in the 1970s and
showed a remarkable linear decreasing trend year by year. There was a substantial periodic oscillation in the temporal series of three
grade gale days while the gale days reduced abruptly in the 1980s. Based on the analysis of weather situation and moving track of cold
air on 700 hPa,four weather patterns of wide range gale in spring were concluded as follows: transversal trough,cold air in the east
way,cold air in the west way and cold air in the north way. The patterns of transversal trough and cold air in the east way were the
main.

Key words: Shijiazhuang, spring, gale, temporal and spatial distribution, weather patterns

中图分类号: