干旱气象 ›› 2024, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (2): 251-262.DOI: 10.11755/j.issn.1006-7639(2024)-02-0251

• 新气象数据检验与订证 • 上一篇    下一篇

GPM DPR产品在东北地区两类降水过程中的应用评估

张铁凝1,2(), 孙丽1,2(), 赵姝慧2, 康博识3, 张梦佳2   

  1. 1.中国气象局云降水物理与人工影响天气重点实验室,北京 100081
    2.辽宁省人工影响天气办公室,辽宁 沈阳 110016
    3.辽宁省气象装备保障中心,辽宁 沈阳 110016
  • 收稿日期:2022-09-13 修回日期:2023-04-16 出版日期:2024-04-30 发布日期:2024-05-12
  • 通讯作者: 孙丽(1987—),女,山东临沂人,博士,正高级工程师,主要从事气溶胶及人工影响天气相关研究。E-mail: sunli_2006_abc@126.com
  • 作者简介:张铁凝(1992—),女,辽宁沈阳人,硕士,工程师,主要从事云降水物理和人工影响天气研究。E-mail: ztniris@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    中国气象局云降水物理与人工影响天气重点开放实验室创新基金项目面上项目(2023CPML-B04);辽宁省自然科学基金重点项目(20180540086);中国气象局云雾物理环境重点实验室开放课题(2018Z01613);及中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所联合开放基金课题(2023SYIAEKFMS13)

Application evaluation of the GPM DPR products in two types of precipitation processes in northeast China

ZHANG Tiening1,2(), SUN Li1,2(), ZHAO Shuhui2, KANG Boshi3, ZHANG Mengjia2   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Weather Modification (CPML), CMA, Beijing 100081, China
    2. Liaoning Weather Modification Office, Shenyang 110016, China
    3. Liaoning Meteorological Equipment Support Center, Shenyang 110016, China
  • Received:2022-09-13 Revised:2023-04-16 Online:2024-04-30 Published:2024-05-12

摘要:

全球降雨观测计划(Global Precipitation Measurement,GPM)卫星自2014年2月发射以来,为高纬度地区的降水三维观测提供了基础,其搭载的双频星载测雨雷达(Double-frequency Precipitation Radar,DPR)反演的4种降水产品可以为中高纬度地区降水研究提供参考。本文利用GPM DPR提供的4种降水产品(Ka_HS、Ka_MS、Ku_NS和DPR_MS),对东北地区两次不同类型降水天气过程的降水结构特征进行分析,探究其宏微观特征的差异,并对GPM DPR的4种产品性能差异进行对比。结果表明:东北地区春季层状云降水的分布范围很广,大部分降水强度低于4.00 mm·h-1,且云系发展较为平缓,而夏季混合性降水的强度分布极其不均,且垂直方向发展较为旺盛,回波顶高度可达12 km。对比4种降水产品发现,Ka_MS降水强度、回波顶高度和降水类型划分都具有明显缺陷;Ka_HS可探测到更多的弱降水样本,但在雨强较大时也会出现严重衰减;Ku_NS能够提供较为可靠的回波顶高度和降水类型划分;DPR_MS产品具有独立表现,其中小于0.50 mm·h-1的弱降水与Ka_HS的相关性较好,大于1.00 mm·h-1的降水与Ku_NS有较好的一致性,此外,DPR_MS对降水和雨滴谱的垂直结构表征最合理。

关键词: 双频降水雷达, GPM卫星, 降水结构, 粒子谱分布

Abstract:

Since the launch of the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) satellite in February 2014, it has provided the foundation for three-dimensional observations of precipitation in high latitudes. The four precipitation products retrieved by the double-frequency precipitation radar (DPR) carried by the GPM satellite can provide a reference for precipitation research in middle and high latitude regions. In this paper, four kinds of precipitation products (Ka_HS, Ka_MS, Ku_NS and DPR_MS) provided by GPM DPR are used to analyze the precipitation structural characteristics of two different types of precipitation weather processes in northeast China and explore the differences in macro and micro characteristics of precipitation, then the performance differences among four precipitation products are further compared. The results show that the spatial distribution of spring stratiform precipitation in northeast China is extensive, the precipitation intensity of most samples is less than 4.00 mm·h-1, and the cloud system develops relatively gently. While the precipitation intensity distribution of mixed precipitation in summer is highly uneven, the development in the vertical direction is relatively strong, and the echo top height can reach 12 km. The Ka_MS precipitation product has apparent flaws in precipitation intensity, echo top height and precipitation type classification. The Ka_HS precipitation product can detect more weak precipitation samples but it will also experience severe attenuation when the rain intensity is high. The Ku_NS precipitation product has better detection capabilities and can provide reliable echo top heights and precipitation type classification. The DPR_MS precipitation product has an independent performance. For weak precipitation intensity less than 0.50 mm·h-1, it has a good correlation with the Ka_HS product, and for precipitation intensity greater than 1.00 mm·h-1, it has a good consistency with the Ku_NS product. In addition, the DPR_MS product has the most reasonable results about the vertical structure of precipitation and the raindrop spectrum.

Key words: dual-frequency precipitation radar, GPM satellite, precipitation structure, particle size distribution

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