关键词: 极端高温, 高温热浪, 气象干旱, 天气特征, 气象服务

Abstract:

:Based on meteorological elements, NCEP reanalysis data, disaster data and service data of two extreme high temperature processes in 2013 and 2017 in Hubei Province, the similarities and differences of circulation situation, characteristic and influence of high temperature and key points of service were analyzed. The results indicate that the circulation indexes in 2017 were larger than usual and the intensity of high temperature process was stronger with high effective accumulative temperature. Meanwhile, the precipitation was normal in the earlier period with enough water for drought resisting. Therefore the economic losses were small. In 2013, subtropical anticyclone existed for a long time resulting in 52 stations reaching up to extreme high-temperature standard. Severe drought and extreme drought were obvious due to the less rainfall below the historical average value from 2011 to 2013, and during Meiyu period in 2013. The economic losses in 2013 were most serious in the last decade. The effects of high temperature and service orientations were different during the influencing period of different weather systems. The decision-making materials relating to drought resisting and rain enhancement made up 64% in 2013. While, new media and experiential forecast service which obtained the good service effect were the service highlight in 2017. The analysis of weather situation in the earlier stage and weather forecast could provide guidance for emphasis orientations of meteorological service，and strengthen the targeted weather services effectively.

Key words: extreme high temperature, weather feature, weather service, high temperature heat wave, meteorological drought