干旱气象 ›› 2023, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (2): 251-259.DOI: 10.11755/j.issn.1006-7639(2023)-02-0251

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

内蒙古中部干旱半干旱区水汽和液态水特征研究

苏立娟1,2,3(), 衣娜娜1,2,3, 郑旭程1,2,3, 史金丽1,2,3, 邓晓东4   

  1. 1.内蒙古自治区气象科学研究所,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010000
    2.中国气象局云雾物理环境重点开放实验室,北京 100081
    3.内蒙古自治区人工影响天气重点实验室,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010000
    4.内蒙古自治区生态与农业气象中心,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010000
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-20 修回日期:2022-05-05 出版日期:2023-04-30 发布日期:2023-05-09
  • 作者简介:苏立娟(1976—),女,内蒙古人,正高级工程师,主要从事云降水物理以及人工影响天气作业识别研究。E-mail:yinndongzhl@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划课题(2018YFC1507900);西北区域人工影响天气能力建设项目“巴彦淖尔人工防雹技术研究试验”(ZQC-R18217/RYSY201906);国家自然科学基金项目(42030604);内蒙古自治区科技创新项目(nmqxkjcx202203);及内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2020MS04015)

Characteristics of water vapor and liquid water in arid and semi-arid region in the central Inner Mongolia

SU Lijuan1,2,3(), YI Nana1,2,3, ZHENG Xucheng1,2,3, SHI Jinli1,2,3, DENG Xiaodong4   

  1. 1. Meteorological Science Institute of Inner Mongolia, Hohhot 010000, China
    2. Key Open Laboratory for Cloud Physics of China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China
    3. Key Laboratory for Weather Modification of Inner Mongolia, Hohhot 010000, China
    4. Ecological and Agricultural Meteorological Center of Inner Mongolia, Hohhot 010000, China
  • Received:2021-12-20 Revised:2022-05-05 Online:2023-04-30 Published:2023-05-09

摘要:

基于多通道微波辐射计数据与呼和浩特站逐小时降水数据分析 2017、2018年4—9月内蒙古中部干旱和半干旱区35个降水日积分水汽含量、积分液态水含量月变化特征,进一步分析层状云稳定性降水和积状云对流性降水中液态水含量、水汽含量的垂直分布特征和积分液态水含量、积分水汽含量的相位特征。结果表明,降水日积分水汽含量和积分液态水含量具有明显的季节变化特征,两者均在夏季和初秋较大。降水发生前积分水汽含量与积分液态水含量有明显跃增,这种变化在对流性降水中更明显,且超过80%的样本显示积分水汽含量与积分液态水含量存在反相位变化。对流性降水水汽含量主要分布在0~6 km高度,且随高度递减,而液态水含量随高度先增加后减小;稳定性降水水汽含量和液态水含量的垂直分布与对流性降水一致,但两者均小于对流性降水。基于积分水汽含量与积分液态水含量的降水发生判断条件对指导当地人工增雨作业、缓解旱情有实际应用价值。

关键词: 微波辐射计, 内蒙古中部, 水汽含量, 液态水含量, 降水

Abstract:

Based on multi-channel microwave radiometer data and hourly precipitation data from Hohhot meteorological station, the monthly changes of the integrated water vapor and the integrated liquid water content in arid and semi-arid region in central Inner Mongolia on 35 precipitation days from April to September in 2017 and 2018 are studied, and the phase characteristics between the integrated water vapor and the integrated liquid water content and vertical distribution of liquid water and water vapor under steady precipitation and convective precipitation conditions are further analyzed. The results show that the integrated water vapor and the integrated liquid water content on precipitation days have obvious seasonal variation characteristics, and both are larger in summer and early autumn. Before precipitation, the integrated liquid water and the integrated water vapor increase significantly, which is even more pronounced during convective precipitation processes, and more than 80% of the samples show an anti-phase change between the integrated liquid water and the integrated water vapor. The water vapor during convective precipitation processes is mainly distributed at the height of 0-6.0 km and decreases with height, while the liquid water increases firstly and then decreases with height. The vertical distribution of water vapor and liquid water during steady precipitation processes is consistent with convective precipitation processes, but the values on each layer are less than those of convective precipitation. The precipitation occurrence judgment conditions based on integrated water vapor and integrated liquid water have practical application value for guiding local artificial rainfall enhancement operations and alleviating drought.

Key words: microwave radiometer, the central Inner Mongolia, water vapor content, liquid water content, precipitation

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