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西安地区热岛效应与景观生态格局相关性研究

卞子浩1,2,马超群1,王迪1,徐博1,艾杰1,马小雪2   

  1. 1.长安大学地球科学与资源学院,陕西西安710054;2.南京大学地理与海洋科学学院,江苏南京210046
  • 出版日期:2016-04-30 发布日期:2016-04-30
  • 作者简介:卞子浩(1994- ),男,安徽合肥人,硕士研究生,主要从事自然地理与环境研究. E-mail:bianzihao@126.com
  • 基金资助:

    教育部人文社科西部和边疆地区青年项目(12XJC840001)、中央高校基金(2013G6274063)和国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201410710051)共同资助

Relation Between the Urban Heat Island Effect and Landscape Ecological Pattern in Xi’an Region

BIAN Zihao1,2, MA Chaoqun1, WANG Di1, XU Bo1, AI Jie1   

  1. 1. College of Earth Sciences and Resources, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, China;
    2. College of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China
  • Online:2016-04-30 Published:2016-04-30

摘要:

从景观生态学角度出发,基于2013年西安地区逐日平均、最高和最低气温数据以及遥感影像资料,运用数理统计和数字图像处理等方法,研究冬、夏季节地面气温表征的城市热岛效应变化特征,获取土地覆盖/利用类型信息。在此基础上,分析该地区景观格局特征,以及热岛效应与土地利用景观格局的关联性。结果表明:西安市城市建成区冬季、夏季均存在明显的热岛效应,且热岛效应对日最低温度敏感性更高;热岛效应强度与城镇用地和林地的面积、破碎度、斑块占景观总面积比、景观形状和斑块结合度均存在联系,且热岛效应对城镇用地景观格局的敏感性冬季高于夏季,而对林地景观格局的敏感性则是夏季高于冬季。

关键词: 热岛效应, 景观格局, 气温, 相关分析, 西安地区

Abstract:

Based on the daily average, maximum and minimum temperature in January and June of 7 weather stations in Xi’an of Shaanxi Province, the daily changes of urban heat island in summer and winter were studied by using the mathematical statistics method, firstly. From the view of landscape ecolgy, the landuse classification image on 25 June 2015 from Landsat 8 was obtained by the supervised classificaition and interpretation, and on this basis the dynamic response of urban heat island to landscape pattern and the relationship of them were analyzed. The results showed that the urban heat island effect was obvious in urban area of Xi’an both in winter and summer, and it had highest sensitivity to the minimum temperature. The intensity of urban heat island was closely related with the landscape pattern indexes of woodland and urban land, such as the area, fragmentation, percentage of patch, shape and cohesion indexes. Thereinto, the sensitivity of heat island effect to urban land in winter was higher than that in summer, while for forest land in summer it was higher than that in winter.

Key words: heat island effect, landscape pattern, temperature, correlation analysis, Xi’an region

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