Journal of Arid Meteorology

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Variation Characteristics of Atmospheric Visibility in Ningbo of Zhejiang Province During 1980-2013 and Its Causes

  

  1. 1. Beilun Meteorological Station of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo 315826, China;
    2. Institute of Meteorological Science of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310008, China;
    3. Zhenhai Meteorological Station of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo 315202,China;
    4. Ningbo Meteorology Observatory of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo 315012, China
  • Online:2016-12-30 Published:2016-12-30

浙江宁波地区能见度变化特征和成因

  

  1. 1.浙江省宁波市北仑区气象局,浙江 宁波 315826;
    2.浙江省气象科学研究所,浙江 杭州 310008;
    3.浙江省宁波市镇海区气象局,浙江 宁波 315202;
    4.浙江省宁波市气象台,浙江 宁波 315012
  • 作者简介:俞科爱(1968-),女,浙江宁波人,高级工程师,主要从事短期天气和环境气象研究. E-mail:407519843@qq.com
  • 基金资助:

    公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201206011)、宁波市科技计划项目(2013C51013)和浙江省公益性技术应用研究计划社发项目(2015C33226)共同资助

Abstract:

Based on the visibility, fog and haze days, relative humidity, wind speed and direction (at 02:00, 08:00, 14:00, 20:00 BST) of 8 meteorological stations from 1980 to 2013, and the hourly visibility of 5 automatic weather stations and PM2.5 concentration of 8 environmental monitoring stations in Ningbo of Zhejiang Province during 2011-2013, the spatial and temporal distribution of visibility in Ningbo and its causes were analyzed by the statistical method, back trajectory simulation of HYSPILT-4 model and cluster analysis. The results showed that the visibility gradually increased from northwest to southeast in Ningbo, and it declined in central and southern Ningbo, while that increased in northern Ningbo during 1980-2013 on the whole, which was related with the decrease of wind speed and relative humidity, but the main factors influencing the visibility were different in the north, central and south of Ningbo. The seasonal and diurnal changes of visibility and PM2.5 concentration were obvious in Ningbo, and there was a very significant negative correlation, their correlation coefficient was -0.532. The PM2.5 concentration was highest and visibility was lowest in winter, while those were opposite in summer, and the trough of PM2.5 concentration and the peak of visibility occurred from 13:00 BST to 17:00 BST, while the peak of PM2.5 concentration and the trough of visibility happened from 01:00 BST to 08:00 BST. There were six tracks of air mass from 5 directions transporting to Ningbo simulated by HYSPILT-4 model. The influence of track4 air mass from the northwest direction on PM2.5 concentration was the largest in Ningbo, while that of track6 air mass from the east direction on PM2.5 concentration was the smallest and the visibility was the best, and the most significant air mass affecting on visibility were track2 from the northwest direction and track3 from the west direction in Ningbo.

Key words: visibility, PM2.5 concentration, fog and haze, cause analysis, HYSPILT-4 model

摘要:

利用浙江宁波7个县(市)区的能见度、雾、霾、风速、相对湿度等气象资料和细颗粒物PM2.5浓度数据,运用统计分析、后向轨迹模拟及聚类分析等方法研究了宁波地区能见度的时空分布特征及其影响因素。结果表明:1980—2013年,宁波地区能见度总体呈由西北到东南逐渐转好的空间分布特征,且中南部呈逐年下降态势,而北部则呈上升趋势,这与风速和相对湿度减少有关,但不同区域其主要影响因子存在差异。能见度和PM2.5浓度均有明显的季节和日变化特征,且二者呈明显反位相,相关系数为-0.532,其中冬季PM2.5浓度最高,能见度最低,夏季反之;13:00—17:00为PM2.5浓度谷值、能见度峰值,01:00—08:00为PM2.5浓度峰值、能见度谷值。气团输送轨迹分析表明,宁波地区共有来自5个方位的6类轨迹气团,其中西北方向的轨迹4对该区PM2.5浓度影响最大,偏东方向的轨迹6对PM2.5浓度影响最小,能见度最好,而对能见度影响最大的是来自西北方向的轨迹2和偏西方向的轨迹3。

关键词: 能见度, PM2.5浓度, 雾霾, 成因, HYSPILT-4轨迹模式

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