Journal of Arid Meteorology ›› 2025, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (4): 616-626.DOI: 10.11755/j.issn.1006-7639-2025-04-0616

• Articles • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Correction of regional rainstorm forecasts in summer in Zhejiang based on synoptic classification and frequency matching

MAO Chengyan1(), LI Haowen1(), WANG Jianjiang1, HAN Chao1, ZHENG Qian1, TONG Jianping2   

  1. 1. Quzhou Meteorological Bureau of Zhejiang Province, Quzhou 324000, Zhejiang, China
    2. Changshan County Meteorological Bureau of Zhejiang Province, Changshan 324200, Zhejiang, China
  • Received:2024-07-01 Revised:2025-04-23 Online:2025-08-31 Published:2025-09-08

基于频率匹配法的浙江夏季区域性暴雨分类订正研究

毛程燕1(), 李浩文1(), 王健疆1, 韩超1, 郑倩1, 童监萍2   

  1. 1.浙江省衢州市气象局,浙江 衢州 324000
    2.浙江省衢州市常山县气象局,浙江 常山 324200
  • 通讯作者: 李浩文
  • 作者简介:毛程燕(1988—),女,浙江衢州人,高级工程师,主要从事暴雨、强对流天气预报研究。E-mail: mcy_yxt@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    浙江省自然科学基金重大项目(ZJMD24D050002);浙江省自然科学基金联合基金项目(LZJMD23D050001);衢州市科技局攻关项目(2024K069);广州市科技局项目(202201011093)

Abstract:

To improve the accuracy of summer regional rainstorm forecast and the precision of affected area prediction in Zhejiang Province, this study utilizes precipitation observations from 75 national meteorological stations in Zhejiang Province, the fifth-generation ERA5 reanalysis data (0.25°×0.25°) from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts from 2010 to 2023, and the ObjectiveConsensus Forecast (OCF) model precipitation products (0.05°×0.05°) from 2020 to 2023, to analyze 187 summer regional rainstorm events in Zhejiang, conduct synoptic classification, adjust OCF model products for different precipitation types, and verify the correction effects. The results indicate that: 1) The frequency matching method significantly improves precipitation forecasts through categorical adjustment, with downward corrections for precipitation of 30 mm or below and upward compensations for precipitation more than 30 mm. The threat score (TS) for rainstorms and above increased by 4.2%, and the hit rate improved by 14.3%. 2) Based on synoptic classification, rainstorms are categorized into six types, including stationary front rainband, warm shear, subtropical high, typhoon, typhoon inverted trough and cold trough. The correction performance of frequency matching varies significantly among different rainstorm types. Specifically, for warm shear, typhoon inverted trough, and cold trough types rainstorms, the TS increased by 11.8%, 39.1% and 15.4% (with the OCF model completely missing these events), respectively, while the hit rate for typhoon inverted trough type rainstorm improved to 60.0%, and the missing rates for warm shear and cold trough type rainstorms decreased by 20.0% and 26.0%, respectively. 3) The classification correction strategy effectively enhanced the TS and hit rate of various types of rainstorm forecasts, and significantly improved the prediction accuracy of rainstorm areas.

Key words: regional rainstorm, frequency matching method, rainstorm classification, classification-based correction, forecast verification

摘要:

为提高浙江省夏季区域性暴雨预报的准确性及落区预测精度,基于2010—2023年浙江省75个国家气象站降水观测数据、欧洲中期天气预报中心第五代ERA5再分析资料(0.25°×0.25°)及2020—2023年浙江省客观预报系统(Objective Consensus Forecasting,OCF)模式降水预报产品(0.05°×0.05°),针对187例浙江夏季区域性暴雨过程,进行天气分型,对各类降水的OCF模式产品进行调整,并检验订正效果。 结果表明:1)频率匹配法通过分级调整显著优化降水预报,对30 mm及以下量级降水向下修正,30 mm以上量级向上补偿,暴雨以上TS评分提升4.2%,命中率提高14.3%。2)通过天气形势分型将暴雨划分为静止锋雨带型、暖式切变型、副高型、台风型、台风倒槽型和冷槽型6类,发现不同暴雨类型对频率匹配法的订正响应存在明显差异。其中,暖式切变型、台风倒槽型和冷槽型暴雨的TS评分分别提升11.8%、39.1%和15.4%(OCF模式完全漏报),台风倒槽型暴雨的命中率提升至60.0%;暖式切变型与冷槽型暴雨的漏报率分别降低20.0%和26.0%。3)分类订正策略有效提升了各类型暴雨预报的TS评分和命中率,暴雨落区预测精度显著改善。

关键词: 区域性暴雨, 频率匹配法, 暴雨分型, 分类订正, 效果检验

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