Abstract:

Based on the meteorological disasters data in Inner Mongolia from 1983 to 2013, the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the losses caused by meteorological disasters and the main seven disasters occurrence frequency were analyzed by using Mann-Kendall test and linear tendency estimation method. The results are as follows: (1) The change trend of occurrence frequency of all meteorological disasters was rising in Inner Mongolia during 1983-2013. (2) The temporal distributions of main meteorological disasters were overlapping. (3) The mutations of main meteorological disasters were asynchrony. (4) The spatial distribution of main meteorological disasters in Inner Mongolia had obvious regional difference. The frequency of meteorological disasters in the east regions in eastern Inner Mongolia was the highest and the direct economic loss was the largest, which was closely related to the agricultural planting structure, sensitive crop development stage, complicate landform and terrain, changeable landuse type and unique atmospheric circulation.

Key words: meteorological disaster, temporal and spatial variation, Inner Mongolia

摘要：

利用内蒙古1983—2013年气象灾害资料，采用Mann-Kendall检验、线性倾向估计等统计方法对内蒙古气象灾害造成的损失及7种主要气象灾害发生频次的时空分布特征进行分析。结果表明：（1）灾害发生频次变化趋势具有上升性；（2）时间分布上具有重叠交错性；（3）突变特征具有不同步性；（4）空间分布上具有地域差异性。其中内蒙古东部的偏东地区是气象灾害发生频次最高也是直接经济损失最大的地区。

关键词: 气象灾害, 时空变化, 内蒙古