干旱气象 ›› 2024, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (6): 965-975.DOI: 10.11755/j.issn.1006-7639-2024-06-0965

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

未来气候情景下河南省优质小麦农业气候资源变化分析

陈巧1,2(), 王冰3, 熊坤4, 毛洋洋1,2, 余卫东1,2()   

  1. 1.中国气象局/河南省农业气象保障与应用技术重点实验室,河南 郑州 450003
    2.河南省气象科学研究所,河南 郑州 450003
    3.河南省济源市气象局,河南 济源 459000
    4.河南省商丘市气象局,河南 商丘 476000
  • 收稿日期:2023-07-28 修回日期:2023-10-09 出版日期:2024-12-31 发布日期:2025-01-15
  • 通讯作者: 余卫东(1972—),男,河南商丘人,正高级工程师,主要从事气候资源利用及农业减灾研究。E-mail:himsywd2021@163.com
  • 作者简介:陈巧(1983—),女,四川成都人,高级工程师,主要从事气象服务研究。E-mail:chenqiao56@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    安阳国家气候观象台/安阳市黄淮生态气象重点实验室项目“未来气候变化对河南省夏玉米种植区域的影响”(AYNCOF202309);中国气象局创新发展专项(CXFZ2023J054)

Analysis of agricultural climatic resources change of high quality wheat in Henan Province under future climate scenarios

CHEN Qiao1,2(), WANG Bing3, XIONG Kun4, MAO Yangyang1,2, YU Weidong1,2()   

  1. 1. Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrometeorological Safeguard and Applied Technique, China Meteorological Administration, Zhengzhou 450003, China
    2. Henan Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Zhengzhou 450003, China
    3. Jiyuan Meteorological Bureau of Henan Province, Jiyuan 459000, Henan, China
    4. Shangqiu Meteorological Bureau of Henan Province, Shangqiu 476000, Henan, China
  • Received:2023-07-28 Revised:2023-10-09 Online:2024-12-31 Published:2025-01-15

摘要:

气候变化对农业气候资源的影响将直接作用到农业生产上,准确分析农业气候资源变化对指导农业生产具有重要意义。基于河南省113个地面气象观测站1971—2005年历史气象数据、RCP(Representative Concentration Pathways)情景模式输出的同时段模拟数据、RCP4.5和RCP8.5未来气候情景数据,选取冬小麦全生育期降水量与≥0 ℃积温,3—4月辐射总量及雨日,5月降水量、平均气温日较差、日最高气温≥32 ℃天数和辐射总量等8个气候因子,分析RCP4.5和RCP8.5情景下2021—2050年河南省优质小麦农业气候资源空间分布及变化趋势。结果表明,冬小麦全生育期≥0 ℃积温各站均表现为显著增加趋势(α=0.05),RCP4.5和RCP8.5情景下其平均气候倾向率分别为46.8~61.0和49.5~65.5 ℃·d·(10 a)-1,其中RCP8.5情景下升温更明显;RCP4.5情景下83.2%的站点和RCP8.5情景下所有站点5月最高气温≥32 ℃天数呈显著增加趋势(α=0.05),气候倾向率分别为0.2~0.8和0.3~1.0 d·(10 a)-1;全生育期降水量西南部站点表现为减少趋势,其余各站表现为增加趋势,但都不显著;3—4月雨日和5月辐射总量大部分站点表现为不显著增加趋势;3—4月辐射量和5月降水量表现为不显著减少趋势;河南北部和西部地区5月平均气温日较差呈减少趋势,其余为增加趋势,但均不显著。总体上看,未来农业气候资源对河南省强筋小麦种植将产生一定不利影响。

关键词: 气候变化, 农业气候资源, 优质小麦, 河南省

Abstract:

The impact of climate change on agricultural climate resources will directly affect agricultural production. It is of great significance to accurately analyze the change of agricultural climate resources to guide agricultural production. Based on historical meteorological data from 1971 to 2005 of 113 ground meteorological observation stations in Henan Province, simultaneous simulation data of Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) scenario model output, and simulation data of regional climate model under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 emission scenarios, the spatial distribution and change trend of high-quality wheat agro-climatic resources in Henan Province from 2021 to 2050 under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios were analyzed by using eight climate factors, such as precipitation and accumulated temperature ≥0 ℃ during the whole growth period of winter wheat, total radiation and rain days from March to April, precipitation, diurnal temperature range, daily maximum temperature ≥32 ℃ days and total radiation in May. The results indicate that the accumulated temperature of ≥0 ℃ during the whole growth period of winter wheat showed a significant increasing trend (α=0.05), and the average climate tendency rates under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios are 46.8-61.0 and 49.5-65.5 ℃·d·(10 a)-1, respectively, and the temperature rise is more obvious under RCP8.5 scenario. The number of days with maximum temperature ≥32 ℃ in May at 83.2% of sites under RCP4.5 scenario and all sites under RCP8.5 scenario show a significant increasing trend (α=0.05), and the climate tendency rates are 0.2-0.8 and 0.3-1.0 d·(10 a)-1, respectively. The precipitation at the sites in the southwest during the whole growth period of wheat shows a decreasing trend, and at the other sites it shows an increasing trend, but none of them are significant. At most sites, rain days from March to April and radiation in May show an insignificant increasing trend. The radiation amount in March and April and the precipitation in May show an insignificant decreasing trend. The diurnal range of average temperature in May in the northern and western regions shows a decreasing trend, while in other regions it shows an increasing trend, but none of them are significant. In general, the future agro-climatic resources will have a certain adverse effect on the planting of strong gluten wheat in Henan Province.

Key words: climate change, agro-climatic resources, high quality wheat, Henan Province

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