干旱气象 ›› 2022, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (5): 888-896.DOI: 10.11755/j.issn.1006-7639(2022)-05-0888

• 技术报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

浙江省夏秋季人工增雨作业雷达指标研究

张磊1(), 宋哲1, 徐铖1, 黄旋旋2   

  1. 1.浙江省人工影响天气中心,浙江 杭州 310000
    2.浙江省气象台,浙江 杭州 310000
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-11 修回日期:2022-05-26 出版日期:2022-10-31 发布日期:2022-11-10
  • 作者简介:张磊(1989—),男,江苏泰州人,工程师,主要从事人工影响天气研究. E-mail: 804253275@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    浙江省气象局青年科技项目(2020QN03);浙江省气象局重点科技项目(2020ZD02)

Indexes of Doppler radar echo for rainfall enhancement in summer and autumn in Zhejiang Province

ZHANG Lei1(), SONG Zhe1, XU Cheng1, HUANG Xuanxuan2   

  1. 1. Weather Modification Center of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China
    2. Zhejiang Meteorological Observatory, Hangzhou 310000, China
  • Received:2021-12-11 Revised:2022-05-26 Online:2022-10-31 Published:2022-11-10

摘要:

为指导地市更加科学合理地开展人工增雨作业,基于2018—2020年夏秋季浙江人工增雨作业记录、多普勒雷达数据、MICAPS数据、自动站小时雨量及探空数据,在对增雨作业效果分析后利用逆推法对浙江省夏秋季人工增雨作业雷达指标进行研究。浙江有利于开展人工增雨作业的天气系统主要有切变线、高空槽和台风,占比分别为28.6%、21.4%和21.4%。根据雷达回波和降水特征,作业云系可分为层状云、积状云、层状云为主和积状云为主的混合云,其中混合云是最常见的作业云系,占比高达82.5%。在日常增雨作业中,增雨效果明显的作业比例较低,占比仅13.4%。回波强度、回波顶高、负温层厚度、垂直积分液态水含量为增雨作业条件判别的有效指标,不同季节和不同云系对应的雷达指标有所不同。统计发现未能合理开展作业是无法获取正增雨效果的主要原因,占比高达49.2%,其他常见原因还包括作业时机不合适、作业部位不合适和作业对象不合适。本文所建立的雷达指标在临近作业指挥中具有一定的指导意义。

关键词: 人工增雨, 雷达指标, 浙江

Abstract:

Based on rainfall enhancement operation records in Zhejiang Province and Doppler radar data, sounding data and hourly rainfall observations from automatic stations as well as MICAPS weather chart from June to November of 2018-2020, the indexes of Doppler radar echo for rainfall enhancement in summer and autumn in Zhejiang Province were researched with the inverse method after evaluation of rainfall enhancement effect in order to guide cloud seeding operation more scientific and reasonable. The results show that the shear line, upper trough and typhoon are the most favorable weather systems for artificial rainfall enhancement in Zhejiang Province, accounting for 28.6%, 21.4% and 21.4%, respectively. According to radar echo and precipitation characteristics, cloud types can be divided into stratiform cloud, cumuliform cloud, mixed cloud giving priority to stratiform cloud and mixed cloud giving priority to cumuliform cloud. Mixed cloud is the most common type for rainfall enhancement, accounting for up to 82.5%. The number of samples with obvious rainfall enhancement effect is small, only accounting for 13.4%. Radar echo intensity, radar echo top, vertical integrated liquid water and thickness of negative temperature layer are valid criteria for operating conditions. The indexes of Doppler radar echo for rainfall enhancement are different in different seasons and for different cloud types. So the indexes of Doppler radar echo and the discriminant equation of operating conditions should be established separately. Unreasonable operation was the main reason why we failed to get positive effect of rainfall enhancement, which accounted for 49.2% of all the samples. Many other reasons leading to failure of rainfall enhancement included but not limited to inappropriate time, position and object. The indexes of Doppler radar echo for rainfall enhancement established in this article are scientific and easy-to-use. These studies have evident significance to command cloud seeding operation.

Key words: rainfall enhancement, indexes of Doppler radar echo, Zhejiang Province

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