J4 ›› 2008, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (3): 22-28.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

冰雹云垂直累积含水量密度与降雹大小的关系研究

刘治国1, 2 ,田守利3 ,邵 亮4 ,宋秀玲1 ,魏文娟5 ,伏晓红1   

  1. 1. 兰州中心气象台,甘肃 兰州 730020; 2. 中国气象科学研究院灾害天气国家重点实验室,北京 100081;3. 重庆市巴南区气象局,重庆 401320; 4. 甘肃省兰州市气象局,甘肃 兰州 730020; 5. 甘肃省气象局,甘肃 兰州 730020
  • 收稿日期:2008-07-16 修回日期:2008-07-25 出版日期:2008-09-30 发布日期:2008-09-30
  • 作者简介:刘治国(1977 - ) ,男,重庆潼南县人,工程师,主要从事短期短时天气预报与雷达气象学研究.
  • 基金资助:

    国气象局新技术推广项目“青藏高原东北侧局地冰雹短时临近预警技术”(CMATG2008Y02) ,“西北地区人工防雹消雹技术推广应用”(CMATG2007Z08)和甘肃省气象局重点项目“基于新一代天气雷达和LD - Ⅱ雷电定位仪的省市雷电监测预警方法和系统研究”(2007 - 18)共同资助

Correla tion Between the Vertica lly In tegra tedWa ter Con tent Den sity of Ha il Cloud and the Ha ilD iameter on the Ground

L IU Zhiguo1,2 , TIAN Shouli3 , SHAO Liang4 , SONG Xiuling1 , WE IWenjuan5 , FU Xiaohong1   

  1. 1. Lanzhou CentralM eteorological Observatory, Lanzhou 730020, China; 2. S tate Key Laboratory of SevereW eather, Chinese
    Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; 3. Chongqing B anan M eteorological B ureau, Chongqing 401320,
    China; 4. Lanzhou M eteorological B ureau, Lanzhou 730020, China; 5. Gansu M eteorological B ureau, Lanzhou 730020, China
  • Received:2008-07-16 Revised:2008-07-25 Online:2008-09-30 Published:2008-09-30

摘要:

垂直累积含水量(Vertically IntegratedWater Content,简称:V IWC)包括单位底面积的垂直柱体内固态和液态水质量的总和,是以3D - Barnes方案插值的新一代天气雷达反射率因子等高平面资料,假定固态和液态水滴反射得到的反射率因子都满足由液态水滴引起的经验导出关系,将垂直积分为离散求和的方式进行计算的。利用V IWC与云体高度之比计算垂直累积含水量密度(Vertically IntegratedWater ContentDensity,简称:V IWCD) ,用MAX函数逐个提取冰雹云在降雹时段内的最大V IWCD (简称; V IWCDmax ) ,采用统计和回归处理技术,对2004~2006年兰州新一代天气雷达监测到的54例冰雹云在降雹时段内V IWCDmax与地面最大降雹直径之间的关系进行了分析。结果表明:最大冰雹直径相同的冰雹云内部雹胚竞食成雹粒的数密度在降雹时段内基本相当,雹粒尺度是影响雷
达反射率因子的重要因素,它决定了冰雹云的雷达回波强度和地面降雹的大小;冰雹云V IWCDmax与地面最大降雹直径之间存在函数式(6)的关系;冰雹云倾斜结构和雷达扫描模式是影响(6)式效果的2个重要因素。
 

关键词: 垂直累积含水量密度, 冰雹直径, 关系

Abstract:

Based on the reflectivity factor of CINRAD ( the constant altitude p lan data) interpolated with 3D - Barnes scheme assuming that the reflectivity factor of solid water drop would accord with the experiential relation of the reflectivity factor induced by the liquid water drop, Vertically IntegratedWater Content (V IWC) including solid and liquid water was calculated with the method of discrete sum instead of vertical integral. The ratio ofV IWC and the up right height of hail cloud is defined asVertically IntegratedWater Content Density(V IWCD) , the maximum V IWCD ( shortened form: V IWCDmax) is identified by use ofMAX function. With methods of statistic and regression equation, the correlation between the V IWCDmax of hail cloud during hailing p rocess and the maximum hail diameter on the ground is analyzed in detail for 54 hail clouds observed by Lanzhou CINRAD during 2004 - 2006. Results show that the magnitude about number density of hail pellet coming from hail embryo in hail clouds with the same maximum diameter is equivalent during hailing p rocess, and hail pellet scale is an important factor which determined hail cloud echo intensity and hail size on the
ground; the p iecewise function (6) which is affected by two important factors of hail cloud tilted structure and radar scanmodel reflects the correlation between the V IWCDmax of hail cloud during hailing p rocess and the maximum hail diameter.

Key words: vertically integrated water content density, hail diameter, correlation

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