干旱气象

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逆“蒸发佯谬”现象个例分析

戴临栋   

  1. 兰州大学大气科学学院,甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 出版日期:2017-12-29 发布日期:2017-12-29
  • 作者简介:戴临栋(1992— ),男,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为大气物理学和大气环境. E-mail:daild15@lzu.edu.cn。
  • 基金资助:

    兰州大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(lzujbky-2017-it25)资助

A Case Analysis on Inverse Phenomenon of “Evaporation Paradox”

DAI Lindong   

  1. College of Atmospheric Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
  • Online:2017-12-29 Published:2017-12-29

摘要:

基于山西大同地区8个气象台站1981—2010年蒸发皿蒸发量及其相关气象要素逐月资料,采用线性倾向估计、累积距平和完全相关系数法,对大同地区逆“蒸发佯谬”现象的蒸发皿蒸发量变化特征及其主要气象影响因素进行分析研究。结果表明:从年变化来看,1981—2010年山西大同地区年蒸发皿蒸发量呈现不显著上升趋势,上升率为44.14 mm·(10 a)-1,这与当前大部分地区蒸发皿蒸发量所表现的“蒸发佯谬”现象相悖。夏、秋、冬季蒸发皿蒸发量均呈现上升趋势,而春季无明显变化趋势,其中夏季上升趋势显著且上升幅度最大。因此,夏季蒸发皿蒸发量对全年贡献最大。大同地区年蒸发皿蒸发量的年代际变化呈现增加趋势,而季节蒸发皿蒸发量的年代际变化特征不尽相同。其中,春季呈现出先减少、后增加的趋势,夏季呈现持续增加趋势,而秋季和冬季则表现出先增加、后减少的趋势。气温是引起大同地区逆“蒸发佯谬”现象的主要影响因素,而日照时数、日较差、降水量对该地区蒸发皿蒸发量变化的影响相对有限。

关键词: 逆&ldquo, 蒸发佯谬&rdquo, 现象, 蒸发皿蒸发量, 完全相关系数, 大同地区

Abstract:

Based on the monthly data of pan evaporation and related meteorological elements at 8 meteorological stations in Datong of Shanxi Province during 1981-2010, the climate change characteristics of pan evaporation with inverse “evaporation paradox” phenomenon and its influence factors in Datong were analyzed by using linear tendency analysis, accumulative anomaly and complete correlation coefficient methods. The results show that the annual pan evaporation in Datong of Shanxi presented a significant increasing trend during 1981-2010, and the rising rate was 44.14 mm per 10-year, which was in contrast to the current researches of “evaporation paradox” phenomenon in most regions. The change trends of pan evaporation in four seasons during 1981-2010 were somewhat inconsistent, the pan evaporation in summer, autumn and winter increased, while in spring it hadn’t changed obviously, and the increasing trend in summer was most significant. Therefore, the contribution of pan evaporation in summer was prominent. From the view of decadal change characteristics, the decadal change of average annual pan evaporation in Datong presented an increasing trend, while for monthly and seasonal pan evaporation, they were not the same. The decadal change trend of pan evaporation was reducing first and then increasing in spring, and it was increasing first and then decreasing in autumn and winter, while the decadal evaporation presented an increasing trend in summer. The temperature was the major factor affecting on pan evaporation with inverse phenomenon of “evaporation paradox” in Datong of Shanxi, while the influence of sunshine duration, temperature diurnal range and precipitation on pan evaporation was relatively limited.

Key words: inverse phenomenon of “evaporation paradox”, pan evaporation, complete correlation coefficient, Datong

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