关键词: 小气候, 水系统, 地形地貌, 对比分析

Abstract:

Based on the meteorological observations, the microclimate ofMogao Grottoeswas analyzed from different temporal and spatial scales. Results show that the environment factors such as land form, water system and vegetation have some important influence on the microclimate there. The small landform structure ofMogao Grottoes and itswater system have obvious influence on the wind speed,humidity, temperature and solar radiation. Comparing the monthlymean values ofmeteorological factors in the front and on the roof of Mogao Grottoes from Ap ril to December of 2005, the solor radiation, surface temperature and wind speed decreased 411. 21MJ /m2 , 2.7 ℃ and 3. 7 m / s, respectively, and the relative humidity increased 9% , the monthly mean temperature range in the front ofMogao Grottoes was 0. 9 ℃ less than that of Gobi. But for air temperature, itwas chiefly controlled by large scale factors. The air temperature daily rang ofMogao Grottoeswas 4. 8 ℃ less than that of Dunhuang in 2004. It’s discovered that the environment elements ofMogao Grottoes formed more stable microclimate, and the stable microclimate was highly advantageous to the Mogao Grottoes cultural relicp reservation. Itwas the main reason whyMogao Grottoes had been standing there for thousands years.

Key words: microclimate, water system, landform structure, contrast analysis