干旱气象 ›› 2022, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (3): 444-455.DOI: 10.11755/j.issn.1006-7639(2022)-03-0444

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

华北地区一次对流激发重力波的卫星观测和数值模拟研究

殷青青(), 任璐, 田文寿(), 王涛, 杨景怡, 张健恺   

  1. 兰州大学大气科学学院,半干旱气候变化教育部重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2022-03-13 修回日期:2022-04-24 出版日期:2022-06-30 发布日期:2022-06-28
  • 通讯作者: 田文寿
  • 作者简介:殷青青(1997—),女,硕士生,主要从事平流层-对流层相互作用研究. E-mail: yinqq19@lzu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金重点项目“北半球平流层-对流层化学-动力-地表过程耦合对中高纬度极端天气气候事件的影响研究”(42130601)

Satellite observation and numerical simulation of gravity wave excited by a convection over North China

YIN Qingqing(), REN Lu, TIAN Wenshou(), WANG Tao, YANG Jingyi, ZHANG Jiankai   

  1. College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Key Laboratory for Semi-AridClimate Change of the Ministry of Education, Lanzhou 730000, China
  • Received:2022-03-13 Revised:2022-04-24 Online:2022-06-30 Published:2022-06-28
  • Contact: TIAN Wenshou

摘要:

对流激发的重力波能够向中层大气输送动量和能量,准确获取重力波主要特征对于研究中层大气的动力学和热力学结构非常重要。本文利用COSMIC(constellation observing system for meteorology, ionosphere and climate)资料,结合中尺度数值预报模式WRF(weather research and forecasting),对2010年8月4日发生在华北地区上空的一次对流激发的重力波事件进行分析。结果表明:此次事件激发的重力波在平流层以中低频重力波为主,且在平流层中垂直波长、水平波长分别为9~11 km和650~800 km,约62%的动量聚集在15~25 km高度的低平流层。在对流活动发生期间,低平流层重力波势能密度一直维持较大数值,而上平流层重力波势能密度则在对流减弱后迅速减小,且伴随着下一次对流活动的出现再次迅速增大。平流层不同高度上重力波势能密度对对流活动的响应主要与对流发展高度和背景风场有关,当对流发展较浅时,其激发的重力波在低层西风中易耗散;当对流发展较深到16 km甚至更高时,其激发的重力波接近零风层,并在东风中迅速上传,使得高层重力波势能密度增加较快。

关键词: 重力波, 对流, 卫星观测, WRF模拟

Abstract:

The convection-excited gravity waves can transfer momentum and energy to the middle atmosphere, and it is very important to accurately obtain the main characteristics of gravity waves for studying the dynamics and thermodynamic structure of the middle atmosphere. Based on the constellation observing system for meteorology, ionosphere and climate (COSMIC) data and the weather research and forecasting model (WRF), the gravity wave excited by a convection over North China on 4 August 2010 was investigated in this paper. The results show that the gravity waves excited by the convection were mainly low and medium frequency wave in the stratosphere, and the vertical and horizontal wavelengths were 9-11 km and 650-800 km in the stratosphere, respectively. About 62% of momentum was aggregated in 15-25 km height of the lower stratosphere. During the occurrence of convection activity, the potential energy per unit mass of gravity wave in the lower stratosphere always maintained a large value, while in the upper stratosphere it decreased rapidly when the convection weakened, and it increased rapidly with the next convection once again. The response of potential energy per unit mass of stratospheric gravity wave to convection at different heights was mainly related to the development height of convection and the background wind field. When the convection development was shallow, the excited gravity wave was easily dissipated in the low-level westerly wind. However, when the convection developed to 16 km or higher, the excited gravity wave was close to the zero wind layer, and it could be rapidly uploaded in the easterly wind, resulting in rapid increase of gravity wave potential energy per unit mass in the upper layer.

Key words: gravity wave, convection, satellite observation, WRF simulation

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