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山西汾阳地区层状云和对流云降水雨滴谱特征

杨俊梅1王星星2封秋娟1任晓霞1   

  1. 1.山西省人工降雨防雹办公室,山西太原030002; 2.山西省侯马市气象局,山西侯马043000
  • 出版日期:2017-06-26 发布日期:2017-06-26
  • 作者简介:杨俊梅(1986- ),女,硕士,工程师,主要从事云物理与人工影响天气方面研究. E-mail:yangjunmei106@126.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(41175118)和公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201306040、GYHY201306065)共同资助

Raindrop Size Distribution of Stratiform and Convective Cloud Precipitation in Fenyang of Shanxi Province

  • Online:2017-06-26 Published:2017-06-26

摘要:

基于多普勒天气雷达和OTT Parsivel激光雨滴谱仪资料对山西汾阳地区2次降水进行分析,对比对流云和层状云降水的雨滴谱特征。结果表明:层状云降水雨滴平均数浓度和雨强分别为286.20 个·m-3和1.33 mm·h-1,对流云降水雨滴平均数浓度和雨强分别为516.13个·m-3和10.17 mm·h-1;对流云降水雨强主要由降水粒子数浓度决定,直径为1—2 mm的粒子对2种云系雨强贡献最大;2种云系不同雨强下雨滴谱分布和雨滴平均谱分布均呈单峰型,对流云降水雨滴平均谱宽大于层状云降水雨滴平均谱宽,Gamma分布对2种云系降水平均谱拟合均存在一定偏差;通过雨滴谱计算的雷达反射率因子估算降水会造成对降水的低估。

关键词: 雨滴谱, 层状云, 对流云, 微物理量, Gamma分布

Abstract:

Based on the Doppler radar data and raindrop size distribution from OTT Parsivel laser raindrop spectrometer, the characteristics of raindrop size distribution of convective and stratiform cloud precipitation in Fenyang of Shanxi Province were compared. The results show that the average values of the number concentration and rainfall intensity during the stratiform cloud precipitation process were 286.20 m-3 and 1.33 mm·h-1, respectively, for the convective cloud precipitation process, they were 516.13 m-3 and 10.17 mm·h-1. The rainfall intensity during the convective cloud precipitation process was mainly determined by the number concentration, and particles with diameter from 1 to 2 mm had largest contribution to rainfall intensity for two  precipitation processes. The raindrop size distributions for convective and stratiform cloud  precipitation processes presented unimodal type. The size width of raindrop during the stratiform cloud precipitation process was narrow while for the convective cloud precipitation process it was wide. Certain deviations existed in fittings of average size distribution of raindrop during convective and stratiform cloud precipitation processes by using Gamma distribution. The radar reflectivity factor (Z) calculated by raindrop size distribution undervalued the precipitation.

Key words: raindrop size distribution, stratiform cloud, convective cloud, microphysical characteristics, Gamma distribution