干旱气象 ›› 2021, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (06): 966-973.DOI: 10.11755/j.issn.1006-7639(2021)-06-0966

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

甘肃陇南市短时强降水时空分布特征及中尺度分析

苏军锋1(), 张锋1, 黄玉霞2(), 刘丽1, 张秋瑜1, 魏清霞1, 张燕1   

  1. 1.甘肃省陇南市气象局,甘肃 武都 746000
    2.兰州中心气象台,甘肃 兰州 730020
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-04 修回日期:2021-04-29 出版日期:2021-12-30 发布日期:2021-12-31
  • 通讯作者: 黄玉霞
  • 作者简介:苏军锋(1984— ),男,甘肃礼县人,高级工程师,主要从事灾害性天气预报技术和人工影响天气技术的研究. E-mail: lnsqxjsjf@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省气象局创新团队(GSQXCXTD-2020-01);中国气象局预报员专项(CMAYBY2018-077);甘肃省气象局气象科研项目(GSMArc2019-18);甘肃省气象局气象科研项目(Ms2021-12);陇南市气象局气象科研项目共同资助(201904)

Spatial-temporal distribution characteristics and mesoscale analysis of short-time heavy precipitation in Longnan of Gansu Province

SU Junfeng1(), ZHANG Feng1, HUANG Yuxia2(), LIU Li1, ZHANG Qiuyu1, WEI Qingxia1, ZHANG Yan1   

  1. 1. Longnan Meteorological Bureau of Gansu Province, Wudu 746000, Gansu, China
    2. Lanzhou Regional Meteorological Observatory, Lanzhou 730020, China
  • Received:2020-12-04 Revised:2021-04-29 Online:2021-12-30 Published:2021-12-31
  • Contact: HUANG Yuxia

摘要:

利用1960—2019年陇南市9个国家气象站和2008—2019年逐年建成的400个区域气象站4—9月逐时降水资料,同期NCEP FNL 1°×1°再分析资料和MICAPS资料,对陇南市短时强降水时空分布及中尺度特征进行分析。结果表明:(1)陇南市短时强降水发生频次从西北向东南明显增加,雨强大于50 mm·h-1的短时强降水出现在陇南市东部的成县、徽县和康县。短时强降水与暴雨发生频次东南部偏多,另外陇南市西北山地局部地区短时强降水发生频次较多。(2)1960年以来,陇南市短时强降水发生站次呈缓慢增加趋势,月际变化呈单峰型,8月最多,占短时强降水总站次的37.5%;旬变化呈双峰型,分别出现在7月上旬和8月上旬,且7月下旬至8月中旬最多,占47.2%;日变化具有夜间明显多于白天的特征,存在多个峰值,从15:00开始短时强降水明显增加,集中出现在19:00—23:00,23:00为日峰值,占9.4%。(3)陇南市短时强降水和暴雨有密切联系,对暴雨的贡献率达53.4%。陇南市短时强降水中尺度概念模型主要有低涡切变型、西北气流低槽东移型、副高外围西南气流型。

关键词: 短时强降水, 时空分布, 中尺度, 甘肃陇南

Abstract:

Based on the hourly precipitation data from April to September during 1960-2019 at 9 national meteorological stations and 400 regional meteorological stations built year by year in Longnan of Gansu Province from 2008 to 2019, NCEP FNL 1°×1° reanalysis data and MICAPS data, the spatial-temporal distribution and mesoscale characteristics of short-time heavy precipitation in Longnan of Gansu Province were analyzed. The results are as follows: (1) The occurrence frequency of short-time heavy precipitation in Longnan became more from the northwest to the southeast, with two relatively concentrated areas. The short-time heavy precipitation with rainfall intensity greater than 50 mm·h-1 occurred in Cheng county, Hui county and Kang county in the east of Longnan. The occurrence frequencies of short-time heavy precipitation and rainstorm were more in the southeast of Longnan, and for short-time heavy precipitation it was also relatively high in the mountainous areas in the northwest. (2) Since 1960, the stations occurring short-time heavy precipitation in Longnan increased slowly.The monthly variation showed a single-peak type, with the maximum in August and accounting for 37.5% of the total stations occurring short-time heavy precipitation. The ten-day variation presented a double-peak type, with two peaks in early July and early August, respectively. The stations occurring short-time heavy precipitation was the most from late July to mid-August, accounting for 47.2% of the total stations. Diurnal variation showed that there was more short-time heavy precipitation at night than in the day, there were multiple peaks. The stations occurring short-time heavy precipitation increased significantly since 15:00 BST. The diurnal peaks of short-time heavy precipitation occurred at 23:00 BST, accounting for 9.4% of the total stations. (3) The short-time heavy precipitation in Longnan was closely linked to rainstorms. The mesoscale concept modes of short-time heavy precipitation in Longnan mainly showed three types, including low vortex shear, northwest air flow following the trough moving eastward and the southwest air flow beside the sub-tropical high.

Key words: short-time heavy precipitation, spatial-temporal distribution, mesoscale, Longnan of Gansu Province

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