干旱气象 ›› 2020, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (5): 794-803.DOI: 10.11755/j.issn.1006-7639(2020)-05-0794

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

黄淮海区域参考作物蒸散量的时空变化特征及影响因素#br#

檀艳静1,2,胡程达1,史桂芬1,3   

  1. 1.中国气象局·河南省农业气象保障与应用技术重点实验室,河南 郑州 450003;
    2.河南省周口市气象局,河南 周口 466000;
    3.河南省商丘市气象局,河南 商丘 476000
  • 出版日期:2020-10-30 发布日期:2020-10-30
  • 作者简介:檀艳静(1987— ),女,河南濮阳人,硕士,工程师,主要从事农业气象服务与研究.
  • 基金资助:
    中国气象局·河南省农业气象保障与应用技术重点开放实验室开放基金项目(AMF202005、KQ202040)资助

Spatio-temporal Variation Characteristics of Reference Crop Evapotranspiration and Its Influencing Factors in Huang-Huai-Hai Region

TAN Yanjing1,2, HU Chengda1, SHI Guifen1,3   

  1. 1. Henan Key Laboratory of Agro-meteorological Support and Applied Technique, CMA, Zhengzhou 450003, China;
    2. Zhoukou Meteorological Bureau of Henan Province, Zhoukou 466000, Henan, China;
    3. Shangqiu Meteorological Bureau of Henan Province, Shangqiu 476000, Henan, China
  • Online:2020-10-30 Published:2020-10-30

摘要: 探究黄淮海地区参考作物蒸散量的时空分布特征及其变化成因,是提高区域农业水资源利用效率的有效途径之一。基于1961—2018年黄淮海区域364个气象站逐日气象观测资料,采用Penman-Monteith模型计算参考作物蒸散量,利用线性回归分析、敏感性分析和贡献率分析等方法,分析了参考作物蒸散量的时空变化特征及影响因子的贡献。结果如下:(1)近58 a来,黄淮海区域参考作物蒸散量空间差异明显,自中部向四周逐渐减少,全区年平均为978.7 mm,以12.5 mm·(10 a)-1的速率显著减少,且存在明显的年代际变化,尤其是20世纪90年代以前;全区年平均气温显著升高,而风速、日照时数和相对湿度显著减少,各省区的变化率略有差异。(2)参考作物蒸散量对平均气温、风速和日照时数的敏感系数均为正,而对相对湿度的敏感系数为负且最为敏感。(3)平均气温和相对湿度对参考作物蒸散量变化的贡献率均为负,风速和日照时数对其变化的贡献率均为正,贡献率绝对值自风速、日照时数、平均气温、相对湿度依次减小。(4)风速的减小和日照时数的减少是黄淮海区域参考作物蒸散量减小的主要原因,但各省区略有不同。

关键词: 黄淮海区域, 参考作物蒸散量, 变化特征及趋势, 敏感性分析, 成因分析

Abstract: The study on the spatio-temporal variation of reference crop evapotranspiration and its causes in Huang-Huai-Hai region is an effective way for improving the utilization efficiency of regional agricultural water resources. Based on the daily observation data at 364 meteorological stations in Huang-Huai-Hai region during 1961-2018, the reference crop evapotranspiration (ET0) was calculated by using FAO Penman-Monteith equation. And on this basis the spatio-temporal variation of ET0 and contribution of influencing factors were analyzed by using trend analysis, sensitivity analysis and contribution rate analysis. The results are as follows: (1) The annual mean ET0 was 978.7 mm in Huang-Huai-Hai region during 1961-2018, and it decreased gradually from the central to surrounding areas. The annual mean ET0 decreased significantly with the rate of 12.5 mm·(10 a)-1 from 1961 to 2018, and the decadal variation of ET0 was obvious, especially before the 1990s. Meanwhile, the annual mean temperature increased significantly, and the wind speed, sunshine hours and relative humidity decreased significantly, but their climatic tendency rates in each province and area of Huang-Huai-Hai region were different slightly. (2) The sensitivity coefficients of ET0 to mean temperature, wind speed and sunshine hours were positive, while that of ET0 to relative humidity was negative. (3) The contribution rates of mean temperature and relative humidity to ET0 were negative, while that of wind speed and sunshine hours were positive, and the absolute value of contribution rate decreased in turn from wind speed, sunshine hours, mean temperature and relative humidity. (4) The decrease of wind speed and sunshine hours was a main reason for ET0 decrease in Huang-Huai-Hai region, but the reason of ET0 decrease was slightly different in each province and area.

Key words: Huang-Huai-Hai region, reference crop evapotranspiration, variation characteristics and trend, sensitivity analysis, cause analysis

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