关键词:
ArcGIS, 降水量, 潜在蒸散量, 干湿指数, 气候区划, 乌鲁木齐地区

Abstract:

In order to investigate dry-wet climate change in Urumqi region of Xinjiang, based on the monthly climate data of nine meteorological stations in Urumqi region during 1961-2014, the changing trend, abrupt change characteristics, and the change of spatial distribution before and after abrupt change of various dry-wet climate elements including annual precipitation, potential evapotranspiration (ET0) and dry-wet index, were analyzed by using the methods of linear regression, accumulative anomaly, three-dimensional and quadratic trend surface simulation and inverse-distance square weighting residual error revising based on ArcGIS. The change of dry-wet climate division was studied by combining with the dry-wet climate zoning index. The main results are as follows: A wetting trend was evident in recent 54 years in Urumqi region, generally, annual precipitation and dry-wet index increased significantly with the rate of 11.61 mm·(10 a)-1 and 0.01(10 a)-1, but ET0 decreased obviously with a rate of -13.91 mm·(10 a)-1, and the abrupt change for both of them happened in 1987. In general, annual precipitation and dry-wet index were larger in Tianshan Mountain areas than those in plain areas, while ET0 was larger in plain areas than that in Tianshan mountain areas in Urumqi region. Urumqi region could be divided into 4 dry -wet climate zoning including extremely arid area, arid area, semi-arid area and sub-humid area. The semi-arid area and semi-humid area expanded significantly, but arid area and extremely arid area reduced significantly after 1987 in Urumqi region.

Key words: ArcGIS, precipitation, ET0, dry-wet index, climate division, Urumqi region of Xinjiang