Journal of Arid Meteorology

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Eco-environment Changes and Counter measures in the Yellow River Source Region

WANGYing,LIYaohui,SUNXuying   

  1. KeyLaboratoryofAridClimaticChangeandReducingDisasterofGansuProvince,KeyOpenLaboratoryofAridClimateChangeandDisasterReductionofCMA,InstituteofAridMeteorology,CMA,Lanzhou730020,China
  • Received:2013-04-28 Revised:2013-06-05 Online:2013-09-30 Published:2013-09-30

黄河源区域生态环境演变与对策建议

王 莺,李耀辉,孙旭映   

  1. 中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所,甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室,中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾重点开放实验室,甘肃 兰州 730020
  • 作者简介:王莺(1984-),女,汉族,甘肃兰州人,助理研究员,主要从事气候变化对农业生态的影响研究.E-mail:wangyn924@gmail.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家重点基础研究发展计划(2013CB430200,2013CB430206))、国家重大科学研究计划(2012CB955903)、中国清洁发展机制基金项目“面向适应的气候灾害风险评估与管理机制研究”及博士科研启动项目(KYS2012BSKYO2)共同资助

Abstract:

YellowRiverSourceregionisanimportantcomponentofthethree-riversourcenaturereserve,theecologicalenvironmenthasbeendisturbedseverelyintheYellowRiversourceunderthebackgroundofglobalwarmingandhumanactivity.Byreviewingtheresearchadvancementsabouttheregionalecologicalandnaturalenvironmentevolutioncharacteristics,themainecologicalenvironmentproblemsinYellowRiversourceweresummarizedfromtwoaspects,includingthedegenerationofvegetation,permafrostandwetlandecosystem,theincreasingeffectofclimatewarminganddrying,runoffchanging,soilerosion,soildesertification,soilorganiccarbonlosing,rodentdamageandhumanimpact.Andthecorrespondingcountermeasureswereputforward:Settingupperfectecologicalcompensationsystem,strengtheningthelegislationofecologicalenvironmentconservation,establishingunifiedsupervisionandmanagementorganization,establishingthehighqualitylawenforcementstaff,dividingthefunctiondistrictrationally,developingecologicaltourism,reinforcingtheconsciousnessofenvironmentprotection.

Key words: YellowRiversource, ecologicalenvironment, countermeasures

摘要:

黄河源区是三江源自然保护区的重要组成部分,在全球气候变暖和日趋频繁的人类活动的共同影响下,黄河源区的生态结构受到严重干扰。通过对黄河源区域生态与自然环境演变特征研究进展的概括总结,从生态系统和物理环境2个方面归纳了黄河源区主要的生态环境问题:(1)植被、冻土和湿地生态系统不断退化;(2)气候暖干化、径流变化、土壤侵蚀、土壤沙漠化、土壤碳流失、鼠害和人为影响加剧。根据面临的生态环境问题提出了区域生态与自然环境保护的相应对策和建议:形成完善的生态补偿机制;加强生态环境保护立法;建立统一的监督管理机构;建立有效的执法队伍;划分功能区;发展生态旅游;强化全社会的环保意识。

关键词: 黄河源, 生态环境, 对策

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