Review on the Study of Preferential Flow in Soil PENG Haiying，LI Xiaoyan，CUI Buli，ZHANG Siyi

Abstract

Abstract:

Abstract: Preferential flow ( PF) resulted from soil heterogeneity is an ordinary form of water movement，which has significance on study both environment and human health because it transports contaminant to deeper soil even groundwater without physical － chemical and biological interaction within the upper layer of soil． There were various Preferential flow( PF) processes occur in soil，and it was difficult to be measured and quantified． So there weren’t many researches paying attention to it until recent decades． This paper introduced the definition，characteristics and manifestation of preferential flow( PF) ，and compared techniques which commonly used in preferential flow( PF) studying now． Techniques such as simple excavation and profiles observation，dye tracing and so on，are easy，inexpensive and no time consuming，but has no regional characteristics． X － ray scanning and microscopic imaging techniques can quantify macropores in soil core and profile，it can attain microcosmic scale ranged from 10 － 6 to 10 － 1 m，but it is expensive and professional technicians are needed for the operation of instrument． The current state of knowledge is inadequate in continuity measuring preferential flow( PF) in the field and on lager scale without soil disturbance． Furthermore，comparing data obtained with different approaches or different initial conditions would bring new information on a large number of studies，and standardized and systematic studyingmethods are necessary for improving the research of preferential flow( PF).

Key words: macropore, soil heterogeneity, research techniques, water and solutes distribution and movement

摘要：

由土壤异质性引起的优势流( preferential flow，PF) 是一种常见的土壤水分运动形式，由于其较少与土壤基质发生物理、化学和生物反应就快速进入深层土壤甚至地下水，因而优势流的研究对环境和人类健康均具有重要意义。由于优势流的过程复杂，类型较多，观测难度较大，因而直到近几十年来才得到重视。本文介绍了优势流的定义、特征和表现形式，对目前常用的优势流研究的技术和方法进行了比较、分析和评价。其中，剖面挖掘、拍照观察法和土壤染色法等简单易行、持续时间较短、安装维护费用低，但研究范围小，代表性不强; X 射线扫描和显微成像技术等能定量描述土柱或土壤截面的大孔隙，能达到10 － 6 ～ 10 － 1 m 的微观研究尺度，但是安装维护费用较高且要求操作人员具有专门的技术背景。今后需进一步发展野外和大尺度上的持续性和非破坏性的观测和研究方法，同时应将通过不同途径和初始条件下获取的数据进行比较研究以挖掘更多的信息，进而制定标准化的优势流研究方法以推动优势流研究。

关键词: 土壤大孔隙, 土壤异质性, 研究技术与方法, 水分和溶质的运移

CLC Number:

S152． 7⁺ 2

PENG Haiying，LI Xiaoyan，CUI Buli，ZHANG Siyi. Review on the Study of Preferential Flow in Soil PENG Haiying，LI Xiaoyan，CUI Buli，ZHANG Siyi[J]. Journal of Arid Meteorology, 2011, 29(2): 137-143.

彭海英，李小雁，崔步礼，张思毅. 土壤优势流研究方法综述[J]. 干旱气象, 2011, 29(2): 137-143.

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