Characteristics of Human Body Comfortable Degree in Hainan Island Based on REOF Method

doi:10.11755/j.issn.1006-7639(2021)-05-0838

Abstract

Abstract:

Based on daily conventional observation data at 19 meteorological stations of Hainan Island from 1980 to 2018, the climatic season in Hainan Island was divided according to China’s meteorological industry standard (QX/T152-2012). Then, the comfortable degree of human body was calculated by using sensible temperature of human body based on ‘golden ratio’ method. And on this basis the comprehensive division of human body comfortable degree was done in each season in Hainan Island by using rotated empirical orthogonal function (REOF), further the optimum comfortable zones of climatotherapy rehabilitation were obtained in Hainan Island. The results are as follows: (1) The climate was mild and moist in Hainan Island, and the annual average temperature was 22.9 to 25.3 ℃, the average annual precipitation was 1157 to 2615 mm, the annual average relative humidity was 74% to 86%, and the annual average specific humidity was 14.8 to 16.4 g·kg^-1, which was suitable to rehabilitation. (2) Compared with the conventional climate statistical method, the meteorological industry standard was more in accordance with season division in Hainan Island. According to the climate division, the summer was from mid-March to mid-November in Hainan Island, the autumn and spring were from mid-November to next mid-March, which indicated that there wasn’t winter in Hainan Island, and the optimum period of climatotherapy rehabilitation appeared in spring and autumn. (3) The comfortable region of human body in spring and autumn located in northern Hainan, central Hainan and southern Hainan. Overall, the climate in central Hainan was the most optimal, and the climate in three regions was stable from 1980 to 2018.

Key words: climatotherapy, climate season division, REOF, comfortable degree regionalization, Hainan Island

摘要：

利用1980—2018年海南岛19个气象站逐日常规气象观测资料,根据中国气象行业标准(QX/T152—2012)对海南岛气候季节进行划分,基于“黄金分割率”的体感温度方法计算人体舒适度。在此基础上,采用旋转经验正交分解法对海南岛季节人体舒适度进行综合区划,获取海南岛气候康养的最佳舒适区域。结果发现:(1)海南岛气候温和湿润,年平均气温为22.9~25.3 ℃,年平均雨量为1157~2615 mm,年平均相对湿度在74%~86%之间,年平均比湿在14.8~16.4 g·kg^-1之间,十分适宜康养旅居。(2)与常规气候统计相比,气象行业标准更符合海南岛的季节划分。其中,海南岛夏季为3月中旬至11月中旬,春、秋两季为11月中下旬至次年3月中旬,表明海南岛无冬,最佳的气候康养时段为春、秋两季。(3)春、秋季海南岛人体舒适区可分为琼北、琼中、琼南3个区域,整体上以琼中为最佳舒适区,且3个区域近39 a来气候稳定。

关键词: 气候康养, 气候季节划分, REOF, 舒适度区划, 海南岛

CLC Number:

LIN Yingyi,WANG Shigong,MA Pan,ZHANG Jinghong,ZHANG Yajie. Characteristics of Human Body Comfortable Degree in Hainan Island Based on REOF Method[J]. Journal of Arid Meteorology, 2021, 39(5): 838-846.

林颖仪,王式功,马盼,张京红,张亚杰. 基于REOF方法的海南岛人体舒适度特征分析[J]. 干旱气象, 2021, 39(5): 838-846.

Figures/Tables 11

Tab.1 The classification standard of human body comfort levels

舒适域	T_g/℃	舒适度等级
酷热域	T_g>31-D_t	酷热
热不舒适域	28-D_t<T_g≤31-D_t	炎热
	25-D_t<T_g≤28-D_t	热
广义舒适域	22.7-D_t<T_g≤25-D_t	微热
	18-D_t<T_g≤22.7-D_t	舒适
	13-D_t<T_g≤18-D_t	凉爽
	8-D_t<T_g≤13-D_t	凉
冷不舒适域	3-D_t<T_g≤8-D_t	微冷
	-5-D_t<T_g≤3-D_t	冷
	-15-D_t<T_g≤-5-D_t	寒冷
严寒域	T_g≤-15-D_t	严寒

Tab.2 The sooner or later levels of climatic season and their classification standards

等级	D_d/d
特早	D_d<-15
偏早	-15≤D_d<-5
正常	-5≤D_d<5
偏晚	5≤D_d<15
特晚	D_d≥15

Tab.3 The length levels of climatic season and their classification standards

等级	D_l/d
特短	D_l<-15
偏短	-15≤D_l<-5
正常	-5≤D_l<5
偏长	5≤D_l<15
特长	D_l≥15

Fig.1 The spatial distribution of climatic elements in Hainan Island (a) annual average temperature (Unit: ℃), (b) average annual precipitation (Unit: mm), (c) annual average relative humidity (Unit: %), (d) annual average specific humidity (Unit: g·kg-1)

Tab.4 The division of average climatic season in Hainan Island

季节	起始日期	终止日期	天数/d
春季	1月1日	3月11日	70
夏季	3月12日	11月17日	251
秋季	11月18日	12月31日	44

Tab.5 The division of average climatic season in different decades in Hainan Island

年代	春季		夏季		秋季
年代	起始日期	天数/d	起始日期	天数/d	起始日期	天数/d
20世纪80年代	1月1日	65	3月7日	258⁺	11月21日	40
20世纪90年代	1月1日	59^-	3月1日^*	262⁺	11月19日	42
21世纪00年代	1月1日	57^-	2月28日^*	266⁺⁺	11月21日	40
21世纪10年代	1月1日	63^-	3月5日^*	269⁺⁺	11月30日^**	31^-

Tab.6 The generalized comfortable days and its proportion to total days in each season in Hainan Island

季节	广义舒适域天数/d	总日数/d	广义舒适域天数占比/%
春季	67	70	96.39
夏季	71	251	28.10
秋季	42	44	96.29

Tab.7 The contribution rates of the first 4 EOF and REOF components to total variance of generalized comfortable days in spring and autumn in Hainan Island

模态	EOF		REOF
模态	特征值	方差贡献率/%	特征值	方差贡献率/%
1	16.33	85.93	8.54	44.93
2	1.17	6.15	1.66	8.74
3	0.55	2.90	4.20	22.13
4	0.34	1.81	3.99	20.99

Fig.2 The spatial distribution of EOF (a, b, c, d) and REOF (e, f, g, h) load vector fields of generalized comfortable days in spring and autumn in Hainan Island (a, e) the first load vector field, (b, f) the second load vector field,(c, g) the third load vector field, (d, h) the fourth load vector field

Fig.3 The regionalization of generalized comfortable domain in Hainan Island

Fig.4 The average generalized comfortable days in three comfortable regions (a)and inter-annual changes of generalized comfortable days in spring and fall in Ⅰ (a), Ⅱ (b) and Ⅲ (c) comfortable zones of Hainan Island from 1980 to 2018

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