Journal of Arid Meteorology ›› 2020, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (5): 726-736.DOI: 10.11755/j.issn.1006-7639(2020)-05-0726

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Characteristics Comparison of Tropical Cyclone Precipitation in Hainan Island Based on Two Datasets

FENG Xiao1,2, SHI Xiao3, LI Xun1,2   

  1. 1. Hainan Meteorological Observatory, Haikou 570203, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of South China Sea Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Hainan Province, Haikou 570203, China;
    3. Xichang Satellite Launch Center, Xichang 615000, Sichuan, China
  • Online:2020-10-30 Published:2020-10-30

基于两套资料集的海南岛热带气旋降水特征对比

冯箫1,2,施萧3,李勋1,2   

  1. 1.海南省气象台,海南 海口 570203;
    2.海南省南海气象防灾减灾重点实验室,海南 海口 570203;
    3.西昌卫星发射中心,四川 西昌 615000
  • 通讯作者: 李勋(1981— ),男,海南海口人,博士,正研级高级工程师,主要从事热带气旋及海南省天气气候的研究. E-mail: cyrilpat@sina.com。
  • 作者简介:冯箫(1988— ),女,海南万宁人,硕士,工程师,主要从事海南省天气气候方面的研究.
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(41365005)和海南省重点研发计划(ZDYF2019213)、海南省自然科学基金面上项目(417298)及海南省气象局科研项目(HNQXJS201601)共同资助

Abstract: Based on two precipitation datasets from national (C_P ) and automatic (T_P) weather stations with different numbers, the precipitation characteristics of tropical cyclones were compared in Hainan Island. The results are as follows: (1) The maximum precipitation of T_P and C_P datasets had significant difference in Hainan Island, and the former was greater than the later, while the difference of station-average precipitation between T_P and C_P wasn’t obvious, and the former was less than the later. (2) The maximum and station-average precipitation of C_P and T_P decreased consistently from 2009 to 2018, and the decrease of T_P was more obvious than that of C_P. (3) The average precipitation, extreme precipitation and its occurrence frequency of two datasets were high in the west and low in the east of Hainan Island in space, but the centre location with high value and its intensity of two datasets were different. Compared with T_P, the average precipitation in western coastal and inland areas and the extreme precipitation in western inland areas were overestimated by C_P, while the average precipitation in eastern and southwestern mountainous region and the extreme precipitation in western coastal and central inland of Hainan Island were underestimated by C_P. The low values of average precipitation, extreme precipitation and its occurrence frequency appeared in northeastern edge and southeastern and southwestern coastal of Hainan Island with dense stations, which resulted in station-average precipitation of T_P less than that of C_P.(4)The precipitation based on T_P was more in northern and western and less in southern and eastern part of Hainan Island when the tropical cyclones passed through the north side of the mountainous region. However, when the tropical cyclones crossed the mountainous region or its southern side, the precipitation was likely to form another distribution pattern with more in southern and less in northern part of Hainan.(5)The precipitation of tropical cyclones based on T_P data had significantly positive correlation with impacting hours and intensity, and the correlation between extreme precipitation and intensity of tropical cyclone was more significant.

Key words: tropical cyclone rainfall, Hainan Island, extreme precipitation, station-average precipitation, data comparison

摘要: 利用2009—2018年两套不同站点数量的降水数据集(C_P和T_P),对比分析海南岛热带气旋降水特征。结果表明:(1)两套资料统计的最大降水值存在显著差异,且T_Pmax>C_Pmax,而站点平均降水值无显著差异,且T_Pavg<C_Pavg。(2)近10 a来,C_P和T_P最大降水值、站点平均降水值一致呈不显著下降趋势,T_P的下降幅度比C_P大。(3)两套资料的平均降水、极端降水及其出现频率均呈“西高东低”的空间分布特征,但大值中心和强度有所差别。相比T_P,C_P高估了西部沿海和内陆的平均降水以及西部内陆的极端降水,低估了山区东部和西南部的平均降水以及西部沿海、中部内陆的极端降水。站点密集的东北角、东南沿海、西南沿海是平均降水、极端降水及其频率的低值区,是导致站点平均降水T_P<C_P的主要原因。(4)热带气旋经过山区以北时易导致T_P呈现“西高东低、南少北多”的分布特征,而经过山区或其以南时易造成“南多北少”的分布特征。(5)海南岛热带气旋T_P降水与影响时长、强度存在显著正相关,而极端降水与强度的相关性更加显著。

关键词: 热带气旋降水, 海南岛, 极端降水, 站点平均降水, 资料对比

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