Abstract: Based on daily meteorological data of 10 national meteorological stations in mountainous area of central and southern Ningxia from 1981 to 2018, the calculation model of comprehensive suitability for potato in mountainous area of central and southern Ningxia was established by integrating the indexes such as temperature, sunshine and water suitability, and characteristics of temporal and spatial variation of temperature suitability （PT）, sunshine suitability （PS）, water suitability （PW）, comprehensive suitability （P） were analyzed emphatically. The results show that the thermal and sunshine resources were suitable in mountainous area of central and southern Ningxia, which could meet the needs of potato’s growth in different growth stages. Among them, water was the main limiting factor affecting the growth stages of potato, and the annual fluctuation of water suitability was the largest. The variation coefficient of the comprehensive suitability from the branching stage to the flowering stage was the largest, which was the most unstable period when the climatic conditions affected the growth and development of potato. From the perspective of spatial variation, the comprehensive suitability of the whole growth period of potato showed an increasing trend from northeast to southwest, and the most suitable areas were in Xiji county, most areas of Haiyuan county and Yuanzhou district, western of Pengyang county, the most areas of Longde county and Jingyuan county except the higher elevation ridge of the Liupan Mountain, which had the unique climatic advantages suitable for potato production.

Key words: central and southern Ningxia, potato, climate suitability, temporal-spatial characteristics

摘要： 基于宁夏中南部山区10个国家基本气象站1981—2018年逐日气象数据，综合气温、日照、水分适宜度指标，构建适合宁夏中南部山区的马铃薯综合适宜度计算模型，重点分析该地区温度适宜度（PT）、日照适宜度（PS）、水分适宜度（PW）、综合适宜度（P）的时空变化特征。结果表明：宁夏中南部山区马铃薯各生育阶段光热资源适宜，能满足马铃薯生长所需，水分是影响马铃薯各生育阶段的主要限制因子，且水分适宜度年际波动幅度最大。分枝期—开花期综合适宜度变异系数最大，是气候条件影响马铃薯生长发育最不稳定的时期。从空间变化规律看，全生育期内综合适宜度基本呈自东北向西南递增的趋势，最适宜区在西吉县、海原县和原州区大部、彭阳县西部、隆德县和泾源县境内除海拔较高的六盘山山脊外的大部地区，这些地区具有适宜生产马铃薯的独特气候优势。

关键词: 宁夏中南部, 马铃薯, 气候适宜度, 时空特征