Abstract:

Based on the minutely precipitation data at 34 meteorological stations in Chongqing during 1981-2016, the distributions and divisions of short duration heavy precipitation for 10 min, 60 min, 360 min and 1440 min in Chongqing were studied. The results show that the short duration heavy precipitation in Chongqing displayed local characteristics of uneven  distribution, and heavy precipitation centers were located at the Shapingba station in the west of Chongqing, Kaizhou station in the northeast of Chongqing and Xiushan station in the southeast of Chongqing. The distributions of trend of short duration heavy precipitation were also uneven. The short duration heavy precipitation in the southeast and the north of northeast Chongqing showed an increasing trend, while that in the rest regions of Chongqing showed a decreasing trend. The maximum 360 min precipitation was more unstable. With precipitation time shorting, the stability of maximum precipitation increased. The different duration maximum precipitation showed a positive skew distribution. According to the EOF analysis of short duration heavy precipitation, complex terrain of Chongqing and drainage specifications, the short-duration heavy precipitation could be divided into three subregions including west subregion, southeast subregion and northeast subregion.

Key words:  Chongqing；short duration；heavy precipitation, division

摘要：

利用重庆地区34个气象站1981—2016年逐分钟降水资料，对10、60、360和1440 min短历时强降水量空间分布规律和分区进行了分析。结果表明：重庆地区短历时强降水量空间分布差异较大，全市有3个高值区，中心分别位于西部沙坪坝站、东北部开州站、东南部秀山站。短历时强降水趋势变化空间差异较大，东南部、东北偏北地区以增多趋势为主，其余地区以减少为主。360 min最大降水量最不稳定，随着降水历时的缩短，最大降水量的稳定性逐步增大；各历时最大降水量均为正偏态分布。根据重庆地区短历时强降水的空间分布及其EOF分析结果，并考虑到重庆地区复杂地形、城市雨水排除规划和应用上的方便，将重庆地区短历时强降水分为3个区，分别是西部区、东南部区和东北部区。

关键词: 重庆, 短历时, 强降水, 分区