Abstract:

This article introduced the principle of the Digital Hail － Rain Measuring Instrument． After the hail separated from the raindrop through the filtering device，the hailfall amount can be measured out according to Archimedes’ s law． By taking full advantage of rainfall measurement，GPRS data transmission，solar －powered system and other advanced technologies，this instrument is featured with automatic observation，digital measurement and favorable networking capacity． The observations in the field show that the performance of this instrument is stable，and the observed data is reliable． Through the analysis of the data observed in the field，the rainfall measuring errors of this instrument fall into acceptable error range compared with other instruments． Finally，due to observing the amount of hailfall in real time，this instrument provides the study of hailfall observation with powerful instrumental support．

Key words:  Digital Hail － Rain Measuring Instrument, principle, networking observation, error analysis

摘要：

重点介绍了数字式雹雨分测仪的工作原理:通过过滤的方式成功将冰雹和雨滴分离， 再利用阿基米德定律测算出降雹量。该仪器充分利用了雨量测量、 GPRS 数据传输、 太阳能供电等先进技术， 具有全自动、 数字化特点及良好的组网能力。经实际野外试验观测表明， 该仪器性能稳定， 使用便捷。通过野外试验观测数据分析， 数字式雹雨分测仪观测的雨量与其他仪器观测的雨量相比， 误差在可接受范围内。由于该仪器能够实时观测到降雹量， 为冰雹的观测研究提供了仪器支持。

关键词: 数字式雹雨分测仪, 原理, 组网观测, 误差分析