Abstract:

Based on the air temperature，precipitation and sunshine hours data from meteorological stations of Dunhuang during 1954 －
2009，the variation of annual mean air temperature，precipitation and sunshine hours were analyzed，and dry climate in Dunhuang and
its influence on cultural relic of the Mogao Grottoes were discussed also． The results show that annual air temperature was gradually increasing
year by year，and annual precipitation and sunshine hours also presented increasing trend． but the rise of air temperature and
sunshine hours led to increase of evaporation，drought was evident． The arid climate is conducive to the protection of Mogao grottoes
culture relic in Dunhuang．

Key words: Dunhuang, arid climate, Mogao Grottoes

摘要：

利用1954 ～ 2009 年敦煌国家基准气候站56 a 的气温、降水量、日照时数资料，分析了敦煌年平均气温、降水量、日照时数变化特征，初步探讨了敦煌干旱化气候特征以及对敦煌莫高窟文物的影响。结果表明: 气温变化逐年升高，降水量总体呈增加趋势，日照时数变化相对稳定且略有增多趋势。虽然降水有所增多，但温度上升、日照增多导致蒸发增大，干旱化趋势明显。干旱气候变化有利于敦煌莫高窟的保护。

关键词: 敦煌, 干旱气候, 莫高窟保护