Journal of Arid Meteorology

Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of Different Color Plastic Film Mulching on the Growth and Yield of Spring Wheat in a Semi-arid Region

LEI Jun1,2, ZHAO Funian1, ZHANG Hongbing2,LI Qiang3, NIU Haiyang2, TIAN Yu2, ZHANG Tao2   

  1. 1. Lanzhou Institute of Arid Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Key Laboratory of Arid Climate
     Change and Reducing Disaster of Gansu Province, China Meteorological Administration, Lanzhou 730020, China;
    2. Dingxi Meteorological Bureau of Gansu Province,Dingxi 743000, Gansu, China;
    3. Lanzhou Resources & Environment Voc-Tech College, Lanzhou 730021, China
  • Online:2018-09-04 Published:2018-09-04

半干旱区不同颜色覆膜对春小麦生长和产量的影响

雷俊1,2赵福年1张红兵2李强3牛海洋2田雨2张涛2   

  1. 1.中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所,甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室,
    中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室,甘肃兰州730020;
    2.甘肃省定西市气象局,甘肃定西743000;3.兰州资源环境职业技术学院,甘肃兰州730021
  • 通讯作者: 张红兵(1969— ),女,甘肃定西人,工程师,主要从事农业气象研究. E-mail:zhanghb5188@163.com。
  • 作者简介:雷俊(1985— ),男,甘肃通渭人,工程师,主要从事农业气象试验研究及业务工作. E-mail:75267630@163.com。
  • 基金资助:

    公益性行业(气象)科研重大专项“我国北方农业干旱风险评估技术与对策”(GYHY201506001-6)、国家自然科学基金“大气增温和二氧化碳浓度升高对马铃薯生理生态影响研究”(41575149)和干旱气象科学研究基金(IAM201712)共同资助

Abstract:

In order to investigate the effects of plastic film mulching with different colors on the growth and yield component of spring wheat, a field experiment was carried out in Dingxi of Gansu Province. The variety of spring wheat ‘Dingxixin 24’ was used and the spring wheat was planted by bunch seeding with three different treatments including the whole-field black plastic film mulching (PM-B), the whole-field white plastic film mulching (PM-W) and bared soil (CK). The results were as follows: (1) There was no significant difference in soil water storage during the whole growth period between PM-B and PM-W, whereas, the soil water storage for PM-B and PM-W increased by 8% and 6%, respectively, compared with CK in the early stages of spring wheat growth (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the storage of soil water for PM-B and PM-W decreased by 13% and 14% compared with CK in the late stages of spring wheat growth. (2) The whole growing period of spring wheat under PM-B and PM-W treatment were 6 d and 5 d shorter than that of CK. The growing stage of spring wheat with black film mulching was slightly advanced by 1-3 days compared with the spring wheat with white plastic film before flowering stage. (3)The height of spring wheat with plastic film was significantly higher than that of CK at jointing stage and there was no significant difference at milk stage (P>0.05) for the three different treatments. (4) The water use efficiency (WUE) of spring wheat with plastic film was significantly higher than that of CK (P<0.05) and the increase with plastic film ranged from 1% to 10%. The WUE with black plastic film was slightly higher than that with white ones (P>0.05). (5) Compare with CK, the occurrence date for maximum accumulation rate of dry matter per plant for PM-B and PM-W was advanced by 8 days and 9 days, respectively. The maximum growth rate of dry matter under PM-B and PM-W treatment increased by 22% and 18%, respectively. The average grain filling rate for PM-B and PM-W increased by 0.36 and 0.19, respectively. (6) The yield of spring wheat for PM-B and PM-W was 466.15 and 456.91 g·m-2, respectively, which was 16% and 14% higher than that of CK.

Key words:  spring wheat, plastic film mulching, grain-filling characteristics, dry-matter accumulation, Dingxi

摘要:

为比较不同颜色地膜覆盖对春小麦生长发育和产量的影响,在甘肃省定西市以春小麦 “定西新24号”为试材进行试验。试验设置3个处理,分别为全黑膜覆土穴播(PM-B)、全白膜覆土穴播(PM-W)和裸地穴播(CK)。结果表明:(1)PM-B、PM-W全生育期土壤贮水量差异不明显(P>0.05),春小麦生育前期,PM-B、PM-W土壤贮水量较CK分别提高8%和6%(P<0.05),生育后期,PM-B、PM-W较CK分别下降13%和14%;(2)PM-B、PM-W春小麦全生育期较CK分别缩短6 d和5 d,开花期以前,各生育期PM-B较PM-W提前1~3 d;(3)拔节期PM-B、PM-W处理春小麦株高显著高于CK(P<0.01),乳熟期不同处理则无显著差异(P>0.05);(4)地膜覆盖水分利用效率(WUE)显著高于CK(P<0.05),PM-B的WUE较PM-W提高1%~10%(乳熟—成熟期除外)(P>0.05);(5)PM-B、PM-W单株干物重最大积累速率出现时间接近,较CK分别提早8 d和9 d,最大积累速率较CK分别增大22%和18%,平均灌浆速率(Va)较CK分别提高0.36和0.19 g·千粒-1·d-1;(6)PM-B、PM-W的实际产量分别为466.15和456.91 g·m-2,分别较CK提高16%和14%。

关键词: 春小麦, 地膜覆盖, 灌浆特性, 干物重积累, 定西

CLC Number: