Journal of Arid Meteorology

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Investigation and Assessment of Meteorological Detection Environment in Gansu Province and Protection Measures

YANG Zhenxin1, SUN Lei1, NIU Runhe1,WANG Wei2, SONG Yuan2   

  1. 1. Linxia Meteorological Bureau of Gansu Province, Linxia 731100, China;
    2. Gansu Province Meteorological Bureau, Lanzhou 730020, China
  • Online:2017-08-31 Published:2017-08-31

甘肃省气象探测环境现状调查评估及保护措施

杨振鑫1孙磊1牛润和1王炜2宋媛2   

  1. 1.甘肃省临夏州气象局,甘肃临夏731100;2.甘肃省气象局,甘肃兰州730020
  • 作者简介:杨振鑫(1983—),男,甘肃临夏人,主要从事地面气象业务管理工作. E-mail:yzx12121@126.com

Abstract:

With the rapid development of social economy, the meteorological environment has been affected severely and damaged, which has been a threat to the accuracy and representation of meteorological observation data. According to the survey assessment method of detection environment of the national surface meteorological observation stations,the paper analyzed the current situation of facilities, change trend and destruction causes influencing the detection environment of meteorological station in Gansu Province in 2013. The results show that the proportion of excellent, good, poor detection environments in meteorological stations of Gansu Province were 12.3%, 42.1%, 8.6%, respectively, and the poor appeared in general stations, while the detection environment in basis stations didn’t reach the excellent, which indicated that the detection environment in reference stations was better generally. The scores of surrounding buildings and plants, sunrise elevation, sunset elevation were low, and the score of each assessment item in reference stations was relatively high. The average shielding rate of excessive obstacles was 53.1% in the whole province, and the shielding came from the outside of meteorological stations. The shielding of obstacles in reference stations was smallest, while that in basis stations was largest. The migration rate of meteorological stations was 67.9%, and the proportion of migration in basis stations was highest since they were built, and more than 90% stations migrated since 2008 owe to the urban planning, construction and environment destruction. The containment of this situation needs to establish the classified protection mechanism of detection environment, and make the construction projects possibly affecting on detection environment into parallel approval procedures of the local government relevant departments. Moreover, the national assessment and management system for detection environment of meteorological stations should be established, so as to achieve the dynamic assessment and automatic management of detection environment.

Key words: detection environment, investigation and assessment, protection measures

摘要:

伴随着社会经济的快速发展,气象探测环境遭受严重影响和破坏,已威胁到气象探测数据的准确性和代表性。为此,根据国家级地面气象观测站探测环境调查评估方法,以甘肃省为例,对影响地面气象台站探测环境的设施现状、变化趋势及破坏原因进行分析研究。结果表明:甘肃全省地面气象观测站探测环境评为“优”的占12.3%、“良”的占42.1%、“差”的仅占8.6%,且“差”的均为一般站,基本站无“优”,表明基准站探测环境整体较好。各评估项目中周边建筑物或植物、日出和日没仰角3项得分率低,基准站的各评估项目得分率较高。全省超标障碍物的平均遮挡率为53.1%,主要受站外障碍物遮挡影响,其中基准站障碍物遮挡最小,基本站最大。全省地面气象观测站站址迁移率为67.9%,一般站自建站至今未迁移的占比最高,2008年至今90%以上的迁站主要因探测环境破坏和城市规划建设影响。遏制这种局面需要建立探测环境分类保护机制,对可能影响探测环境的建设项目纳入当地政府有关部门的并联审批程序,建立国家级气象站探测环境评估和管理系统,从技术、管理上实现全省站点探测环境的动态评估和自动化管理。

关键词: 关键词:探测环境, 调查评估, 保护措施

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