Abstract:

It is discussed about the application of sun-photometer and microwave radiometer’s unconventional observations for summer afternoon severe convection forecast. The CE-318 sun-photometer and MP-3000A microwave radiometer, which observes solar radiance (visible light and near infrared band) and vertical temperature profile, respectively, have been operated in Shibo meteorological station by Shanghai Meteorological Bureau. By using severe convection cases occurring in summer of 2010, these new observations’ application was analyzed. Statistics show that under the same sunshine condition, severe convection would happen if the sun-photometer measurement of solar irradiance became lower than the fixed value at 09:00 BST in most wavebands. Meanwhile, the anomalous warming at 1 km height could be detected by microwave radiometer when it was about half hour before raining. Compared with high CAPE or low visibility in traditional diagnosis, through these unconventional observations a better prediction of severe convection could be made.

Key words:  sun-photometer, microwave radiometer , severe convection

摘要：

上海市气象局在上海世博园区布设型号CE-318太阳光度计和MP-3000A微波辐射计，测量可见光和近红外各个波段的辐射亮度以及垂直方向的温度廓线。选取2010年夏季发生的强对流个例，讨论太阳光度计和微波辐射计非常规观测资料在盛夏午后强对流预报中的应用。统计表明，同样光照条件下，如果09:00太阳光度计各波段测量的辐射亮度值普遍偏低，则午后出现强对流的概率偏高；降水发生前半小时内，微波辐射计反演温度廓线在1 km高度处可探测到异常增温现象。根据统计结果得到经验指标，与传统的对流有效位能（CAPE）和能见度进行对比，太阳光度计和微波辐射计资料在盛夏午后强对流的预报中取得更好的效果。

关键词: 太阳光度计, 微波辐射计, 强对流