干旱气象

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甘肃东部两次短时强降水天气过程对比分析

刘新伟1,段海霞2,杨晓军1,狄潇泓1   

  1. 1.兰州中心气象台,甘肃兰州730020;2.中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所,甘肃兰州730020
  • 出版日期:2017-10-31 发布日期:2017-10-31
  • 作者简介:刘新伟(1981—),男,山西省文水县人,高工,主要从事灾害性天气的研究. E-mail:ljhx6@163.com。
  • 基金资助:

    中国气象局预报员专项“甘肃省对流性暴雨天气研究”( CMAYBY2016-075)、气象预报业务关键技术发展专项“精细化格点预报订正关键技术研究”(YBGJXM(2017)03-04)、中国气象局预报员专项“甘肃省短时强降水云型特征分类研究”( CMAYBY2017-078)及甘肃省气象局创新团队项目(GSQXCXTD-2017-01)共同资助


Comprehensive Analysis on Two Short-time Strong Rainfall Processes in East Gansu

LIU Xinwei1, DUAN Haixia2, YANG Xiaojun1, DI Xiaohong1   

  1. 1. Lanzhou Central Meteorological Observatory, Lanzhou 730020, China;
    2. Institute of Arid Meteorology, CMA, Lanzhou 730020, China
  • Online:2017-10-31 Published:2017-10-31

摘要:

利用FY-2E卫星云图、NCEP/NCAR1°×1°逐6 h再分析资料、甘肃省区域自动站资料等,对比分析两次发生在8月中旬及相同气候背景、相同地形条件下的短时强降水天气过程(2014年8月16—17日和2015年8月11—12日)。结果表明:两次强降水天气过程的形成机制有所区别,分别由高空冷平流强迫和低层暖平流强迫造成;高空冷平流强迫造成的短时强降水落区较为分散,低层暖平流强迫造成的强降水落区则更为集中;高空冷平流强迫对抬升条件的要求比低层暖平流强迫低,而低层暖平流强迫引起的垂直速度强度弱于高空冷平流强迫;在大致相同的地形条件下,水汽条件是发生短时强降水的主要因素,在这两次大气环流背景基本相同的情况下,水汽条件好的天气过程雨强更大,短时强降水出现站次也更多。

关键词: 甘肃东部, 短时强降水, 形势配置, 对比分析

Abstract:

Based on the FY-2E satellite images, NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data and regional station data, the comprehensive analysis on two short-time strong rainfall processes which happened under the same climate background and same terrain in the middle of August in east of Gansu Province had been carried on. Results show that the formation mechanism of two heavy rainfall processes was different. The rainfall process occurring on 16-17 August 2014 was forced by upper air cold advection, while the rainfall process occurring on 11-12 August 2015 was forced by low level warm advection. The short-time strong rainfall area forced by the former was more dispersed, while it was concentrated which forced by the later. The requirement for lift condition of upper air cold advection was lower than that of low level warm advection. Meanwhile, the performance on the vertical speed of upper air cold advection was more obvious than that of low level warm advection. Without considering the influence of terrain condition, water vapor condition was the main factor resulting in short-time strong rainfall. Under the similar environmental conditions, the rainfall intensity would be bigger when water vapor condition was better, and the stations occurring strong rainfall would also be more.

Key words: east Gansu, short-time strong rainfall, situation configuration, comprehensive analysis

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