干旱气象

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不同发育阶段干旱胁迫对春玉米土壤温湿度及产量形成的影响

任丽雯1,2王兴涛2丁文魁2杨华2王润元1   

  1. 1.中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所,甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室,中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室,甘肃兰州730020;
    2.甘肃省武威市气象局,甘肃武威733000
  • 出版日期:2016-11-01 发布日期:2016-11-01
  • 作者简介:任丽雯(1989-),女,甘肃武威人,助理工程师,主要从事农业气象观测和荒漠生态实验研究工作. E-mail:rlw2116@126.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目“半干旱区作物干旱致灾过程特征及其若干阈值研究”(41275118)、甘肃省青年科技基金(145RJYA284)、干旱气象科学研究基金(IAM201410)、干旱所基本科研业务费(KYYWF201503)及干旱气象科学研究基金(IAM2015070)共同资助

Effects of Drought Stress at Different Growth Stage of Spring Maize on Soil Temperature, Water Content and Yield

REN Liwen 1,2, WANG Xingtao2, DING Wenkui2, YANG Hua2, WANG Runyuan1   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Arid climate Change and Disaster Reduction of CMA, Key Laboratory of Arid Climatic Change and Reducing Disaster of Gansu Province, Institute of Arid  Meteorological, China Meteorological Administration, Lanzhou 730020, China;
    2. Wuwei Meteorological Bureau of Gansu Province, Wuwei 733000, China
  • Online:2016-11-01 Published:2016-11-01

摘要:

本试验设CK(整个生育期供水充足的对照处理)、DT1(从拔节期限制供水的干旱处理,即持续不灌水直至生育期结束)、DT2(从抽雄期限制供水的处理,即持续不灌水直至生育期结束)3种处理,讨论水分胁迫对地温、土壤水分含量和春玉米产量形成的影响。结果表明:土壤温度的变化与控水密切相关,20 cm深度DT1和DT2处理的地温平均值分别较CK高1.6 ℃和1.3 ℃;40 cm深度DT1和DT2处理的地温平均值分别较CK高1.7 ℃和0.5 ℃。土壤水分贮存量和地温在20 cm深度呈负相关,40 cm深度呈正相关,土壤水分贮存量对作物生长造成影响的下限指标是18 mm,地温对作物生长造成影响的上限指标是19.2 ℃。DT1和DT2处理均对作物的生长因子和产量结构造成一定影响,DT1处理下的减产幅度更为剧烈。

关键词: 干旱胁迫, 地温, 水分含量, 产量

Abstract:

This experiment designed three modes including the normal irrigation treatment (CK), drought stress since maize jointing stage (DT1) and drought stress since tasseling stage (DT2) to discuss the effects of drought stress on soil temperature, water content and spring maize yield. The results show that the change of soil temperature was closely related to water controlling. The average of soil temperature at 20 cm depth under DT1 and DT2 water treatments was 1.6 ℃ and 1.3 ℃ higher than that of CK treatment, and for 40 cm depth, it was 1.7 ℃ and 0.5 ℃ higher than that of CK treatment. The soil water content was negative correlated with soil temperature at 20 cm depth, but for 40 cm depth, it was positive correlated with soil temperature. The lower limit of soil water content index and the maximum index of soil temperature influencing growing status of maize was 18 mm and 19.2 ℃, respectively. Both DT1 and DT2 water treatments could cause some influence on growth factors and yield structure of spring maize, and maize yield under DT1 water treatment declined more obviously.

Key words:  drought stress, soil temperature, water content, yield

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