关键词: CO2浓度升高, 春小麦, 生长发育, 产量, 半干旱区

Abstract:

Based on the Open-Top Chamber (OTC) experiment platform at Dingxi Arid Meteorology and Ecological Environment Experimental Station of Arid Meteorology Institute of China Meteorological Administration, an experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of elevated CO2 concentration (370 μmol·mol-1 (CK), 460 μmol·mol-1 and 550 μmol·mol-1) on growth, development and yield of spring wheat . The results are as follows: with the increase of CO2 concentration, the air temperature and relative humidity above spring wheat canopy increased, while the soil temperature at 10 cm depth decreased and the shallow soil water content increased in semi-arid area. Under CO2 concentrations with 460 μmol·mol-1 and 550 μmol·mol-1, the growth and development of spring wheat were accelerated, and the whole growth period was shortened by 2-4 days. The rise of CO2 concentration could obviously promote the increase of plant height, leaf area index and chlorophyll content of spring wheat, and the increase magnitudes of plant height and leaf area index were largest during the flowering stage, while the chlorophyll content increased significantly from the late grain filling stage to milk ripe stage. Panicle length, panicle weight, spikelet number, grains per panicle, grains weight per panicle, 1 000-grain weight and yield increased, while sterile spikelet number, spikelet sterility rate and harvest index showed downward trend with the increase of CO2 concentration. The grain yield of spring wheat under 460 μmol·mol-1 and 550 μmol·mol-1 concentrations respectively increased by 8.88% and 19.93% than CK (370 μmol·mol-1). The research can provide the theoretical references for the sensitivity and adaptability of spring wheat in semi-arid area of China under global climate change.

Key words: elevated CO2 concentration, spring wheat, growth and development, yield, semi-arid area