关键词: 粮食作物;高温, 水分亏缺, 生长发育, 生理生态, 产量, 阈值

Abstract:

In recent years, climate change with the main indicator of air temperature increasing and precipitation fluctuations had an important impact on agricultural production. Researches about the responses of crop growth, morphogenesis, physiological and biochemical process to temperature increase and water decrease are not only play an important role in revealing mechanism about impact of climate change on crops, but also an important prerequisite of making counter measures. In this paper, the effects of temperature increase and water decrease and their combined influence on the development, physiological ecology and yields of main grain crops like rice, wheat and maize etc at home and abroad in recent years were reviewed, and their change process, thresholds and the consequences from change of temperature and water were discussed. At the same time, some current problems in these studies were also found. In addition, based on the hot study issues about influence and their thresholds of warmer temperature and water stress on crops at present, some key scientific problems were proposed in the future study, including:the thresholds of temperature and water under drought/wet conditions, and the endurance limit of crops under multi-factors collaborative stress; the relationships between stress level, time, duration and crop physiological, biochemical processes, as well as the cellular and molecular level response mechanism; the compensation effect of crops to moderate drought at higher temperature.

Key words: high temperature, thresholds, food crops, drought stress, development, physiological ecology, yields