干旱气象

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华北北部相似形势下的两次雨转暴雪过程对比

段宇辉1,2王文1田志广2张南2   

  1. 1. 南京信息工程大学大气科学学院,江苏 南京 210044;
    2. 河北省气象台,河北 石家庄 050021
  • 出版日期:2013-12-14 发布日期:2013-12-14
  • 作者简介:段宇辉(1984 - ),男,汉族,工程师,主要从事短期天气预报工作. E - mail:luoricangbai@163. com
  • 基金资助:

    城市气象科学研究基金(UMRF201007)和河北省气象局科研开发项目(13ky08)共同资助

Comparison of Two Rain to Heavy Snowstorm Weather Processes Under the Similar Weather Situation in Northern Part of North China

DUAN Yuhui1,2WANG Wen1TIAN Zhiguang2ZHANG Nan2   

  1. 1. College of Atmospheric Sciences,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;
    2. Hebei Meteorological Observatory,Shijiazhuang 050021,China
  • Online:2013-12-14 Published:2013-12-14

摘要:

利用加密自动站资料、风廓线资料、NCEP/NCAR 1° ×1°再分析资料和常规观测等气象资料,对 2009 年 10 月 31 日至 11 月 1 日和 2012 年 3 月 17 ~18 日发生在华北北部的 2 场相似形势的典型雨转暴雪天气过程进行了对比分析。结果表明:2 次雨转暴雪天气过程都发生在过渡季节,并伴随雨雪转换,850 hPa 有明显锋区,锋前有倒槽发展,雨转暴雪出现在 850 hPa 湿正压位涡项负值区(MPV1﹤ 0)、湿斜压位涡项正值区(MPV2 ﹥ 0)、整层大气可降水量大值区和 700 hPa 的锋生函数脊线的重叠区域。700 hPa 出现冷平流中心且高度降低,近地层偏东风的有组织增强,850 hPa 温度≤ - 4 ℃,地面温度≤1 ℃是雨转雪的一个重要特征。

关键词: 华北北部, 暴雪, 相似形势, 湿位涡, 锋生函数

Abstract:

Based on automatic weather station data,the wind profile data,NCEP 1° ×1° reanalysis data and the conventional observa-
tions,the two rain to heavy snowstorm weather processes under the similar weather situation which occurred in northern part of north
China were diagnostically analyzed. The results shows that the snowstorm accompanied with rain in northern part of north China often
occured in transition season,the strong frontal zone and inverted trough were the important source of steam for these snowfall weather
processes,which occurred in the overlapping zone of negative MPV1,positive MPV2,the atmospheric precipitable water and front gen-
esis function. Temperature advections derived from the wind profile data and the northeasterly wind jet correlated to the time of snow-
storm’s occurrence,temperature of 850 hPa≤ -4 ℃,temperature of surface≤1 ℃,which can be used as an indicator in forecasting
rain to snowstorm weather.

Key words:  northern part of North China, snowstorm, similar weather situation, moist potential vorticity, frontgenesis function

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