干旱气象

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一次暴雨过程的中尺度特征分析

苏军锋1吕宏1 闫惠玲2 魏邦宪1杨建安1褚晓菊1   

  1. 1. 甘肃省陇南市气象局,甘肃武都746000; 2. 甘肃省两当县气象局,甘肃两当742400
  • 收稿日期:2012-02-28 修回日期:2012-09-03 出版日期:2013-03-30 发布日期:2013-03-01
  • 作者简介:苏军锋( 1984 - ) ,男,甘肃礼县人,助理工程师,主要从事短期天气预报技术和灾害性天气短临预报技术研究. E -mail: sjfsye@126. com

Analysis of the Mesoscale Characteristics of a Rainstorm Process

SU Junfeng1,Lü Hong1YAN Huiling2WEI Bangxian1,YANG Jian’an1CHU Xiaoju1   

  1. 1. Longnan Meteorological Bureau of Gansu Province,Wudu 746000,China;
    2. Liangdang Meteorological Station of Gansu Province,Liangdang 746000,China
  • Received:2012-02-28 Revised:2012-09-03 Online:2013-03-30 Published:2013-03-01

摘要:

利用常规观测资料、自动区域站雨量、卫星云图、雷达资料,对2011 年8 月15 ~ 18 日发生在陇南市的一次暴雨过程进行分析。结果表明: 前期的高温为暴雨产生积累了大量的能量,西南涡和高原涡2 个中尺度低涡的形成和维持配合副高外围西南暖湿气流和南下冷空气共同作用造成此次暴雨。不稳定大气层结在冷空气的触发下,使副高外围较强的西南气流提供输送的水汽在高层辐散低层辐合所产生的抽吸作用下不断上升凝结,致使强降水天气发展和维持。β 中尺度对流云团受地形及下垫面等因素影响加强,同时暴雨落区主要在β 中尺度对流云团的前沿。强降水与雷达回波剖面图上强回波中心基本一致,强回波的列车效应造成了该区域暴雨的发生。

关键词: 暴雨, 中尺度特征, 对流云团, 雷达回波

Abstract:

Based on conventional observations,rainfall observations from automatic weather stations,satellite cloud images and radar data,a rainstorm process occurred during August 15-18, 2011 in Longnan of Gansu Province was analyzed. The results show that a large amount of energy was accumulated from the previous high temperature,the formation and continuance of the southwestern vortex and the plateau vortex,the southwest warm and wet airflow over the Subtropical high periphery,and cold air moving southward resulted in this rainstorm weather process. The instability stratified atmosphere triggered by the cold air,and the pumping effect of the divergence on upper level and convergence on lower level made water vapor rise and coagulate in succession,which resulted in development and continuance of the heavy rain. In addition,the β mesoscale convective cloud strengthened because of terrain and underlying surface,and the heavy rainfall area was mainly at the edge of the β mesoscale convective cloud. Heavy rainfall was similar basically with the strong radar echo centre in the radar echo section,and the train effect of the radar echo resulted in rainstorm.

Key words: rainstorm, mesoscale characteristics, convective cloud

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