干旱气象 ›› 2023, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (2): 301-308.DOI: 10.11755/j.issn.1006-7639(2023)-02-0301

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

青海共和盆地PM10质量浓度变化特征及其影响因子研究

乜虹1(), 保广裕2, 戴升3, 张晓云4, 王凯5   

  1. 1.青海省气象干部培训学院,青海 西宁 810001
    2.青海省气象服务中心,青海 西宁 810001
    3.青海省气候中心,青海 西宁 810001
    4.青海省海南藏族自治州共和县气象局,青海 共和 813099
    5.南京信息工程大学遥感与测绘工程学院,江苏 南京 210044
  • 收稿日期:2021-08-31 修回日期:2022-01-04 出版日期:2023-04-30 发布日期:2023-05-09
  • 作者简介:乜虹(1970—),男,硕士,高级工程师,主要从事大气成分观测与分析研究。E-mail: niehongqh@sina.com
  • 基金资助:
    第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0104);国家自然科学基金项目(42165014)

Study on the variation characteristics of PM10 mass concentration and its impact factors over the Gonghe Basin in Qinghai Province

NIE Hong1(), BAO Guangyu2, DAI Sheng3, ZHANG Xiaoyun4, WANG Kai5   

  1. 1. Qinghai Provincial Meteorological Cadre Training Institute, Xining 810001, China
    2. Qinghai Provincial Meteorological Service Centre, Xining 810001, China
    3. Qinghai Provincial Climate Centre, Xining 810001, China
    4. Gonghe County Meteorological Bureau of Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Qinghai Province, Gonghe 813099, Qinghai, China
    5. School of Remote Sensing and Geomatics Engineering, Nanjing University of Information & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
  • Received:2021-08-31 Revised:2022-01-04 Online:2023-04-30 Published:2023-05-09

摘要:

青藏高原作为生态脆弱区,大气颗粒物的质量浓度是生态安全的一项重要指标,研究其时间变化和影响因子的对该地区的环境和生态保护具有重要意义。利用2015—2020年海南州共和县气象局地面气象资料及海南州生态环境局监测点PM10质量浓度资料,分析共和盆地PM10质量浓度变化特征及其与气象因子的关系。结果表明,共和盆地年、春季、冬季PM10平均质量浓度下降趋势显著,夏季与秋季下降趋势不显著,平均月际分布呈双峰型。春季受偏东南风和偏西北风主导风向上的污染物水平输送的共同影响,PM10质量浓度居高不下,冬季受西风影响,PM10质量浓度次之,夏秋季盆地盛行东南风,污染物水平输送减弱,PM10质量浓度较低;月平均PM10质量浓度与月平均风速呈显著正相关,尤其春季更明显。冷空气活动是共和盆地PM10重污染过程的主要原因。共和盆地重污染过程气团路径主要有西南路径和西方路径。

关键词: PM10质量浓度, 变化特征, 影响因子, 共和盆地

Abstract:

As an ecologically fragile region, the mass concentration of atmospheric particulate is an important indicator of ecological security. It is of great significance to study its temporal variation and influencing factors for environmental and ecological protection in this region. Based on the surface meteorological data from Gonghe County Meteorological Bureau and PM10 mass concentration data at monitoring site of Hainan Prefecture Ecology and Environment Bureau in Qinghai Province from 2015 to 2020, the variation characteristics of PM10 mass concentration and its influencing factors in the Gonghe Basin are analyzed. The results show that downward trend of PM10 average mass concentration at annual time scale, in spring and winter is significant, while in autumn and summer it is insignificant. The average monthly distribution of PM10 mass concentration presents a bi-modal pattern. In spring, PM10 mass concentration remains high due to the combined influence of southeasterly and northwesterly wind-dominated, by which pollutants is transported horizontally to the Gonghe Basin. In winter when westerly wind prevail, PM10 mass concentration is second. With the arrival of the rainy season in summer and autumn, southeastly wind prevails in the Gonghe Basin, and pollutant horizontal transport weakens, and PM10 mass concentration is low. The monthly average PM10 mass concentration is positively correlated with monthly average wind speed, especially, the PM10 mass concentration reaches the highest in spring when wind speed becomes greater. The cold air activity is the main reason to cause PM10 heavy pollution in the Gonghe Basin, and there are two paths of air mass influencing heavy pollution in the Gonghe Basin, one is from southwest, and the other is from west.

Key words: PM10 mass concentration, variation characteristics, impact factor, Gonghe Basin

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