干旱气象 ›› 2019, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (5): 722-728.DOI: 10.11755/j.issn.1006-7639(2019)-05-0722

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

近56 a中国西北地区不同强度干旱的年代际变化特征

柏庆顺1,颜鹏程2,蔡迪花2,金红梅3,封国林1,4,张铁军2   

  1. 1.扬州大学物理科学与技术学院,江苏扬州225002;
    2.中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所,甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室,中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室,甘肃兰州730020;
    3.甘肃省气象信息与技术装备保障中心,甘肃兰州730020;
    4.国家气候中心,北京100081
  • 出版日期:2019-10-31 发布日期:2019-11-04
  • 通讯作者: 金红梅,女,工程师,主要从事非线性气候动力学及全球气候变化研究. E-mail:jinhm.good@163.com。
  • 作者简介:柏庆顺(1993— ),男,硕士生,主要从事非线性方法、气候变化研究. E-mail:734868892@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(41530531,41775093)、干旱气象科学研究基金(IAM201715)、公益性行业(气象)科研专项(重大专项)(GYHY201506001)、甘肃省气象局气象科研项目(Ms201914)和甘肃省气象局西北区域数值预报创新团队项目(GSQXCXTD-2017-02)共同资助

Inter-decadal Change Characteristics of Different Grades Drought in Northwest China in Recent 56 Years

BAI Qingshun1, YAN Pengcheng2, CAI Dihua2, JIN Hongmei3,FENG Guolin1,4, ZHANG Tiejun2   

  1. 1. School of Physics Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, Jiangsu, China;
    2. Institute of Arid Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Key Laboratory of Arid Climatic Change and Reducing Disaster of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Arid Climatic Change and Reducing Disaster of China Meteorological Administration, Lanzhou 730020, China;
    3. Gansu Meteorological Information and Technical Equip Safeguard Center, Lanzhou 730020, China;
    4. National Climate Center, Beijing 100081, China
  • Online:2019-10-31 Published:2019-11-04

摘要: 利用1962—2017年中国西北地区227个气象站逐日气象观测资料,以标准化降水蒸发指数为干旱指标,研究不同强度(轻旱、中旱、重旱、特旱)干旱频次的年代际变化特征。结果表明:(1)近56 a中国西北地区不同强度干旱频次在1980年代前后呈现由多到少的年代际转折,转折之前干旱主要发生在西北地区西部,转折之后主要发生在西北地区东部;(2)轻旱和中旱频次显著高于重旱和特旱,其中轻旱和中旱在1980年之后呈现反位相变化;(3)不同强度干旱频次的空间差异明显,轻旱和中旱主要在新疆东部、青海南部等地区,重旱主要在西北地区西部,特旱主要在西北地区东部。

关键词: 干旱, 年代际转折, M-K检验, 时空分布

Abstract: Based on daily meteorological observation data at 227 weather stations of Northwest China during 1962-2017, the decadal change characteristics of drought frequency with different grades including light drought, moderate drought, heavy drought and extreme drought were analyzed by using SPEI index. The results are as follows: (1) The frequency of drought with different grades in Northwest China occurred inter-decadal transition from more to less in the 1980s. The drought mainly occurred in western part of Northwest China before the transition, while it mainly occurred in eastern part of Northwest China after the transition. (2) The frequency of light drought and moderate drought was significantly higher than that of heavy drought and extreme drought, and the frequency of light drought and moderate drought appeared opposite variation tendency after 1980. (3) The spatial difference of drought frequency with different grades was obvious. The light drought and moderate drought mainly occurred in eastern Xinjiang and southern Qinghai, while heavy drought and extreme drought mainly occurred in western part and eastern part of Northwest China, respectively.

Key words: drought, inter-decadal transition, Mann-Kendall test, temporal and spatial distribution

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