干旱气象 ›› 2021, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (1): 76-86.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

江西一次连续大暴雨的水汽特征分析

QUE Zhiping1, LING Ting1, WU Fan1, CHEN Yunhui2#br#

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  1. (1.江西省气象服务中心,江西南昌330096;2.江西省气象台,江西南昌330096)

  • 出版日期:2021-03-01 发布日期:2021-03-10
  • 作者简介:阙志萍(1987— ),女,汉族,硕士,江西抚州人,高级工程师,主要从事天气预报及气象服务研究. E-mail: quezhiping@sina.com。
  • 基金资助:
    江西省气象局预报员专项(JXYBYZX2020-05)和中国气象局预报员专项(CMAYBY2017-038)共同资助

Analysis of Water Vapor Characteristics During a Continuous Heavy Rainfall Process in Jiangxi Province

阙志萍1,凌婷1,吴凡1,陈云辉2   

  1. (1. Meteorological Service Center of Jiangxi,Nanchang 330096, China;
    2. Jiangxi Meteorological Observatory, Nanchang 330096, China)
  • Online:2021-03-01 Published:2021-03-10

摘要: 利用江西省区域自动气象站和常规气象观测站降水资料、FNL再分析资料和NCEP GDAS资料,分析2019年6月6—10日江西出现的一次连续大暴雨过程的水汽输送特征,探究大气河水汽输送对区域性强降水强度和落区以及雨带移动的影响,并分析暴雨区4个边界的水汽收支,同时利用HYSPLIT模式对连续暴雨过程中不同阶段的水汽输送轨迹进行追踪。结果表明:此次暴雨过程属于典型的“Ω型”暴雨形势,冷暖气流持续在江西上空交汇导致了此次连续大暴雨。大气河在此次暴雨过程中对水汽的输送起到了媒介作用,不同阶段大气河对来自南海、西太平洋和孟加拉湾的水汽输送表现出不同的强度和位置,导致各个阶段强降水的强度和位置不同。强降水区各边界水汽净流入的强度及维持时间对强降水的发展和维持起关键作用,且水汽辐合高度越高越有利于产生短时暴雨。HYSPLIT模式模拟表明此次暴雨过程低层水汽主要源于南海和西太平洋,而中层水汽主要来自孟加拉湾,低层水汽从不同边界流入暴雨区也许是导致不同时段降雨强度不同的原因之一。

关键词: 连续大暴雨, 大气河, 水汽特征, HYSPLIT模式

Abstract: Based on the precipitation data from regional automatic  weather stations and conventional meteorological observational stations of Jiangxi Province, FNL reanalysis data and NCEP GDAS data, the characteristics of water vapor during the continuous heavy rainfall process in Jiangxi Province from June 6 to 10, 2019, the influence of atmospheric river (AR) water vapor transportation on the intensity, rain zones and movement of rain bands of heavy rainfall were analyzed. The water budget across four boundaries over heavy rainfall area was also studied and the trajectories of water vapor at different stages were traced by using HYSPLIT model. The results show it was a typical ‘Ω-type’ heavy rain pattern, the continuous confluence of cold and warm air over Jiangxi resulted in this continuous heavy rain. AR(atmospheric river) played a media role in transport of water vapor during the storm. At different stages, AR showed different strength and locations for the transport of water vapor from the south China Sea, the western Pacific and the Bay of Bengal, resulting in different intensity and location of heavy precipitation at various stages. The intensity and duration of the net inflow of water vapor across four boundaries over the heavy precipitation area played a key role in development and maintenance of heavy rainfall. The simulation of HYSPLIT model illustrated that water vapor in the lower layer mainly originated from the south China Sea and the western Pacific, while the water vapor in the middle layer mainly came from the Bay of Bengal. Low-level water vapor flowing into the rainstorm area from different boundaries may be one of the reasons for the different rainfall intensity at different periods.

Key words: Key words: continuous heavy rainfall process, atmospheric river(AR), water vapor characteristics, HYSPLIT model