干旱气象 ›› 2019, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (3): 363-.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

长春市冬季降水相态的温度判据研究

董伟1,杨光武1,马梁臣2,朱丹2   

  1. 1.吉林省长春市双阳区气象局,吉林长春130600;2.吉林省长春市气象局,吉林长春130051
  • 出版日期:2019-06-28 发布日期:2019-07-01
  • 作者简介:董伟(1972— ),男,硕士,高级工程师,主要从事天气气候诊断分析和预报预测工作. E-mail: dwei8220808@sohu.com。
  • 基金资助:
    中国气象局预报员专项(CMAYBY2015-018)资助

Discrimination of Winter Precipitation Types Based on Temperature in Changchun City

DONG Wei1, YANG Guangwu1, MA Liangchen2, ZHU Dan2   

  1. 1. Shuangyang District Meteorological Bureau of Changchun in Jilin Province, Changchun 130600, China;
    2. Changchun Meteorological Bureau of Jilin Province, Changchun 130051, China
  • Online:2019-06-28 Published:2019-07-01

摘要: 采用2005—2014年长春市地面和高空常规气象观测资料,研究冬半年地面和高空不同高度层气温对降水相态变化的影响。结果表明:地面气温对降水相态变化影响程度最大,以1.7 ℃作为雨和雨夹雪的相态转换指标、以-0.1 ℃作为雪和雨夹雪的相态转换指标可以较好地判断降水相态;将地面气温与925 hPa温度相结合来判断降水相态更加准确;地面气温在0 ℃附近上升或下降的变化速度越快,雨夹雪持续时间越短。

关键词: 冬季降水, 雨夹雪, 降水相态, 判别指标

Abstract: Based on the surface observation and sounding data in Changchun city from 2005 to 2014, this study analyzed the influence of air temperature at different altitudes on precipitation types in winter half year. The results show that the surface air temperature had a great influence on precipitation phase change, which could be well predicted by using 1.7 ℃ as a critical index to distinguish rain from sleet, and -0.1 ℃ as a critical index to distinguish sleet from snow. The method of combining surface temperature of 2 m with upper air temperature of 925 hPa was more accurate in judging precipitation types. The faster the surface temperature increase or decrease near 0 ℃, the shorter the duration of sleet.

Key words: winter precipitation, sleet, precipitation type, judgment index

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