干旱气象

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内蒙古玉米气候适宜度及其变化特征

刘新1赵艳丽1刘林春2高志国1尤莉1   

  1. 1.内蒙古自治区气候中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010051;2.内蒙古自治区气象台,内蒙古呼和浩特010051
  • 出版日期:2018-12-31 发布日期:2018-12-31
  • 通讯作者: 赵艳丽,女,高级工程师,主要从事气象灾害监测、预报预警和评估研究工作.E-mail:861952609@qq.com。
  • 作者简介:刘新(1987— ),女,硕士,工程师,主要从事气候监测与气候影响评价工作.E-mail:liuxin_0817@126.com。

Climate Suitability of Maize and Its Changes in Inner Mongolia

LIU Xin1, ZHAO Yanli1, LIU Linchun2, GAO Zhiguo1, YOU Li1   

  1. 1. Climatic Center of Inner Mongolia, Hohhot 010051, China;
    2. Inner Mongolia Meteorological Observatory, Hohhot 010051, China
  • Online:2018-12-31 Published:2018-12-31

摘要:

基于内蒙古10个气象站1993—2017年玉米生育期的逐日气象资料,综合气温、降水、日照气候适宜度指标,建立适合内蒙古地区的玉米气候适宜度计算模型,模型检验分析表明此模型能够较为客观地反映内蒙古地区玉米受气候条件影响的情况。对近25 a来内蒙古地区玉米各生育期气候适宜度指数特征及年变化趋势进行分析,结果表明:玉米生长的热量和光照条件较好,而水分条件较差,降水不足是限制内蒙古地区玉米生长的主要气象因素;播种—出苗期和乳熟—成熟期气候适宜度指数变异系数最大,是综合气候条件影响玉米生长发育的关键时期;气候变化特别是降水对内蒙古玉米生长带来的负效应主要表现在抽雄—乳熟期。

关键词: 玉米, 气候适宜度, 定量评价

Abstract:

The quantitative climate suitability model for maize in Inner Mongolia was established based on the daily meteorological data from 10 representative weather stations in Inner Mongolia during the maize growing period from 1993 to 2017. The model test showed that the model could objectively reflect the influence of climate condition on maize in Inner Mongolia. The changing characteristics of the climatic suitability index in recent 25 years were analyzed. The results show that the heat and light condition during growing period of maize were better, but the water condition was poorer. Water was the main factor influencing maize growth in Inner Mongolia. Sowing to seeding stage and milk-ripe to maturity period had the greatest variation coefficient and were the critical periods that the comprehensive climate conditions affected the growth of maize. The negative effect of climate change on the growth of maize in Inner Mongolia was mainly reflected in the tassel to milk-ripe period.

Key words:  maize, climate suitability, quantitative assessment