干旱气象

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河南省夏玉米气候适宜度评价

李树岩陈怀亮   

  1. 中国气象局/河南省农业气象保障与应用技术重点实验室, 河南省气象科学研究所, 河南 郑州 450003
  • 出版日期:2014-10-08 发布日期:2014-10-08
  • 作者简介:李树岩,女,硕士,高级工程师,从事应用气象研究.E-mail:lsy_126com@126.com
  • 基金资助:

    公 益 性 行 业 ( 气 象 ) 科 研 专 项 “ 主 要 农 作 物 生 长 动 态 监 测 与 定 量 评 价 技 术 研 究 ” ( GYHY200906022) 资 助

Evaluation Studies on Climate Suitability of Summer Maize in He nan Province
 

LI ShuyanCHEN Huailiang   

  1. Key Laboratory of Agrometeorological Safeguard and Applied Technique,China Meteorological Administration /He nan Province;He nan Institute of Meteorological Sciences,Zhengzhou 450003, China
  • Online:2014-10-08 Published:2014-10-08

摘要:

为定量评价气象条件对作物生长及产量形成的影响,本文依据夏玉米不同发育阶段上限温度最适温度下限温度需水量需光性等生物学指标,构建了河南省夏玉米气候适宜度评价模型。通过对13 个代表站30 a全生育期气候适宜度和相对气象产量进行相关分析,表明该模型能较好地反映河南省夏玉米的气候适宜水平及其动态变化,利用检验后的模型计算了河南省67 个站1981~2011年夏玉米生长季单因子及综合气候适宜度,结果表明:河南省夏玉米大部分生育期光热资源较适宜,能满足玉米生长所需,仅在灌浆后期略显不足,降水是影响夏玉米产量形成的主要限制因子,且降水适宜度年际变化幅度大于日照和温度。综合气候适宜度年际波动表现为抽雄乳熟期>出苗抽雄期>全生育期。空间分布上气候适宜度呈自西北向东南方向的递增趋势,适宜度高值区分布在南阳东部及驻马店部分地区。

关键词: 气候适宜度, 评价模型, 夏玉米

Abstract:

In order to quantificationally estimate the influence of meteorological conditions on crops growth and yield formation,the evaluation model on climate suitability of summer maize in He nan was established on the basis of the biological characteristics such as upper limit temperature,optimum temperature,lower limit temperature,water and sunlight requirement in different growth stages,firstly,and then through the correlation analysis between climate suitability in the whole growth stage of summer maize and relative meteorology yield in 13 typical stations in recent 30 years,which showed that the model could reflect the levels of climate suitability of summer maize and its dynamic changes in He nan Province. Based on the tested model,the climate suitability for the single and the integrated meteorological factors in 67 stations from 1981 to 2011 were caculated,which showed that sunshine and heat resources were more suitable during most growing stages of summer maize in He nan but not well enough in late filling stage,while precipitation was the main limiting factor for yield formation of summer maize,and the annual change range of climate suitability for precipitation was more than that of sunshine and temperature. The comprehensive climate suitability from tasseling to milking maturity stage was greater than that from seeding to tasseling stage,and it was least during the whole growth stage. The climate suitability presented increasing trend from the northwest to the southeast,and high values distributed in the eastern Nanyang and some areas of Zhumadian.

Key words:
climate suitability,
evaluation model, summer maize

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